Protibakterijsko delovanje eteričnih olj žajblja, poprove mete in timijana : magistrsko delo

Jug, Eva (author), Fink, Rok (mentor), Oder, Martina (reviewer)

Uvod: Z nekritično in pretirano uporabo protibakterijskih snovi, nezavedno v afektu reševanja trenutnega problema negativno vplivamo na globalno zdravje. Protimikrobna kriza se kaže kot bakterijska odpornost na antibiotike in posledično kot upad učinkovitih antibiotikov v klinični medicini. Naravne snovi so ena izmed potencialnih alternativ obvladovanja omenjene krize. Sodobni raziskovalci so velik potencial zaznali pri naravnih čistilnih sredstvih in protibakterijskih snoveh na osnovi eteričnih olj. Namen: Namen magistrskega dela je analizirati protibakterijsko delovanje eteričnega olja žajblja, poprove mete in timijana na inhibicijo bakterijskih celic ter ovrednotiti potencial omenjenih eteričnih olj na preprečevanje nastanka biofilma. Metode dela: Preučili smo delovanje eteričnih olj proti nastanku biofilma in njihovo protibakterijsko delovanje na modelne organizme. Analizirali smo eterično olje žajblja (Salvia officinalis), timijana (Thymus vulgaris) in poprove mete (Mentha piperita), jim določili minimalno inhibitorno koncentracijo za posamezen modelni organizem in ovrednotili njihovo učinkovitost proti nastanku biofilma. Rezultati: Naši rezultati so pokazali, da ima eterično olje timijana v povprečju najnižjo minimalno inhibitorno koncentracijo, ki v primeru analiziranih modelnih organizmov znaša 0,16 mg/mL. Izkazalo se je tudi, da eterično olje timijana v povprečju najučinkoviteje zavira nastanek biofilma vseh analiziranih bakterijskih kultur. Vsa tri eterična olja so v primeru P. aeruginosa zmanjšala nastanek biofilma za več kot 60 %. Vendar smo ugotovili, da so bakterije B. cereusa zelo odporne, saj smo z eteričnim oljem žajblja dosegli zgolj 4% zmanjšanje nastanka biofilma. Ugotovili smo tudi, da imajo razlike v koncentracijah eteričnega olja zanemarljiv vpliv na preprečevanje nastanka biofilma. Razprava in zaključek: Eterična olja, predvsem eterično olje timijana, kažejo dober potencial zaviranja rasti biofilmov Gram pozitivnih bakterij. Smiselno bi bilo raziskati sinergističen vpliv več eteričnih olj na bakterijske celice in morda celo implementirati idejo v izdelke, s katerimi bi posredno preprečili kvarjenje živil. Z uporabo naravnih izdelkov bi naredili velik korak k zmanjševanju ali celo reševanju protimikrobne krize. Potrebna sta kritična presoja in ustrezno znanje za nadzor kakovosti, stabilnosti aktivnih komponent, učinkovitosti in navsezadnje varnosti izdelkov, tako za okolje kot tudi za zdravje ljudi. Navsezadnje je varovanje zdravja ljudi in okolja absolutni predpogoj.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: magistrska dela, sanitarno inženirstvo, eterična olja, žajbelj, poprova meta, timijan, biofilm
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [E. Jug]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 46 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-131027
• UDC: 614
• COBISS.SI-ID: 77294851
• Publication date in RUL: 22.09.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Antibacterial activity of sage, peppermint and thyme essential oil : master thesis

Abstract

Introduction: Careless and excessive use of antimicrobials leads to a negative impact on global health. The antimicrobial crisis shows as bacterial antibiotic resistance and consequently as a decline in effective antibiotics in clinical medicine. Natural substances are one of the potential alternatives for managing the antimicrobial crisis. Modern researchers have discovered the great potential in natural cleaning products, and antimicrobial substances based on essential oils. Purpose: The purpose of the master's thesis was to analyze the antibacterial effect of sage, peppermint and thyme essential oil on the inhibition of bacterial cells and to evaluate the potential of these essential oils to prevent biofilm formation. Methods: We studied the action of essential oils against biofilm formation and their antibacterial action on model organisms. We analyzed the essential oil of sage (Salvia officinalis), thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and peppermint (Mentha piperita), determined the minimum inhibitory concentration for each model organism and evaluated their effectiveness. Results: Our results show that thyme essential oil has, on average, the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration, which is 0.16 mg / mL, in the case of analyzed model organisms. It has also been shown that thyme essential oil, on average, most effectively inhibits the formation of the biofilm of all analyzed bacterial cultures. All three essential oils reduced P. aeruginosa biofilm formation by more than 60%. B. cereus bacteria are apparently very resistant, as we achieved only a 4% reduction in biofilm formation with sage essential oil. We also found that differences in essential oil concentrations have a negligible effect on biofilm prevention. Discussion and conclusion: Essential oils andespecially thyme essential oil show good potential for inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive bacteria biofilms. It would make sense to investigate the synergist effect of several essential oils on bacterial cells and perhaps even implement the idea into products that would indirectly prevent food spoilage. Using natural products would make a big step towards reducing or even resolving the antimicrobial crisis. Critical judgment and appropriate knowledge are required to control the quality, stability of active components, efficacy and, last but not least, product safety for the environment and human health. Protection of human health and the environment is an absolute precondition.

• Keywords: master's theses, sanitary engineering, essential oils, sage, peppermint, thyme, biofilm