The purpose of the diploma work is to determine the nutrient balance on the doorstep using calculations, accurate records, analysis and the Hoftor Bilanz program on the farm Marolt, where they have intensive cattle breeding. In collecting data, we considered the input or removal of nutrients to and from the farm. We assumed that nutrient intake and removal were not balanced on the farm due to the varying intensity of use of the agricultural land under the aegis of the sample farm. We also assumed that the main output of the farm was milk sales. Monitoring of nutrient inputs and outputs is essential for technological changes to improve nutrient utilization and thus improve the overall sustainability of the farm. Analysis using a model calculation showed that the nutrients studied are in permissible surplus at the farm level. Intake through energy and protein rich feeds, mineral supplements and mineral fertilizers is higher than the output through sales of milk, livestock and feeds.The highest surplus is observed in nitrogen, 88 kg/ha. The nitrogen utilization rate is only 30%. The proportion of nitrogen contributed by legumes is only 10%. The surpluses of P 2 O 5 and K 2 O are more balanced compared to N, 24 and 26 kg / ha, respectively; the utilization rate of phosphorus is 40% and potassium, like N, is only 30%. The balance of nutrients on the farm requires a reduction or greater rationalization of the use of mineral fertilizers, especially those containing potassium; for nitrogen use improvement, it is necessary to study the possibilities of reducing losses from barn to fields and possibly increase the proportion of N contribution with legumes.
|
