Protiadhezivna aktivnost ekstraktov mikroalg vrst Arthrospira platensis in Chlorella vulgaris na zobni površini

Zupanc, Anja (author), Jeršek, Barbka (mentor)

Mikroalge proizvajajo zunaj- in znotrajcelične presnovke z različnimi biološkimi aktivnostmi, kot so protibakterijske in protiadhezivne lastnosti, zato so zanimive na različnih področjih, vključno pri preprečevanju obolenj v ustni votlini. Namen magistrskega dela je bil ugotoviti protibakterijske in protiadhezivne lastnosti ekstraktov mikroalg vrst Arthrospira platensis in Chlorella vulgaris z bakterijami vrst Streptococcus cristatus in Staphylococcus warner, ki so bile izolirane iz ustne votline. Minimalno inhibitorno koncentracijo (MIC) ekstraktov mikroalg MC, MS, CMAC in CMAS (M: ekstrakcija z metanolom; CMA: ekstrakcija z mešanico kloroforma, metanola in acetona; C: C. vulgaris; S.: A. platensis) smo določili z metodo razredčevanja v mikrotitrski ploščici. Za proučevanje bakterijske adhezije smo uporabili 0,1 MIC ekstraktov mikroalg. Protiadhezivne lastnosti ekstraktov smo določili najprej na polistirenski površini z metodo barvanja z barvilom kristal vijolično in v nadaljevanju na zobni površini z metodo štetja kolonij na trdnem gojišču. Rezultati so pokazali, da ima najboljšo protibakterijsko aktivnosti ekstrakt CMAS (MIC 10 mg/L). Pri subinhibitorni koncentraciji 0,1 MIC je protiadhezivno aktivnost imel ekstrakt CMAS pri bakterijah vrste Strep. cristatus, saj je bila adhezija na polistiren zmanjšana za 84 %, in pri bakterijah vrste Staph. warneri, kjer je bila adhezija zmanjšana za 36 %. Tudi na zobni površini je ekstrakt CMAS inhibiral adhezijo bakterij vrste Staph. warneri, medtem ko ni vplival na adhezijo bakterij vrste Strep. cristatus. Rezultati eksperimentalnega dela potrjujejo kompleksnost proučevanja bioaktivnih lastnosti naravnih ekstraktov, ki je odvisna od mnogih dejavnikov. Protibakterijska in protiadhezivna aktivnost ekstrakta je odvisna ne samo od vrste ekstrakta, ampak tudi od postopka ekstrakcije, vrste uporabljenega topila ter od postopka testiranja bioaktivnih lastnosti (npr. izbira topila, v katerem so ekstrakti raztopljeni, izbira bakterij, izbira površine, izbira metode) in od vrste uporabljenih mikroorganizmov. Dobljeni rezultati kažejo na protiadhezivne lastnosti ekstraktov mikroalg vrst A. platensis in C. vulgaris in nakazujejo možnosti njihove uporabe tudi na področju ustne higiene.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: mikroalge, ekstrakti, Arthrospira platensis, Chlorella vulgaris, zobne površine, protibakterijske lastnosti, protiadhezivna aktivnost
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Zupanc]
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-130852
• UDC: 579.61:616.314-083:579.24:582.2/.3
• COBISS.SI-ID: 76953091
• Publication date in RUL: 18.09.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Antiadhesive activity of Arthrospira platensis and Chlorella vulgaris microalgae extracts on dental surface

Abstract

Microalgae produce extracellular and intracellular metabolites with various biological activities, such as antibacterial and antiadhesive properties making them very interesting in various fields, including prevention of oral disease. The aim of the master thesis was to determine antibacterial and antiadhesive properties of Arthrospira platensis and Chlorella vulgaris microalgae extracts on Streptococcus cristatus and Staphylococcus warneri strains, isolated from oral cavity. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MC, MS, CMAC and CMAS microalgae extracts (M: methanol extraction; CMA: extraction with mixture of chloroform, methanol and acetone; C: C. vulgaris; S: A. platensis) was determined by the microdilution method. To study bacterial adhesion, we use 0,1 MIC of microalgal extracts. The antiadhesive properties of the extracts were determined first on polysryrene surface by crystal violet staining method and then on dental surface by colony count method. The results showed that CMAS extract had the best antibacterial activity (MIC 10 mg/mL). At a subinhibitory concentration of 0.1 MIC, CMAS extract had antiadhesive activity against Strep. cristatus, as adhesion to polystyrene was reduced for 84 %, while adhesion of Staph. warneri was reduced for 36 %. On the dental surface, CMAS extract inhibited the adhesion of Staph. warneri, while it had no effect on adhesion of Strep. cristatus. The results of the experimental work confirm the complexity of studying the bioactive properties of natural extracts, which depends on many factors. The results show that the antibacterial and anti-adhesive activity of the microalgal extract depend on the extraction process, the type of solvent used, and the procedure used to test the bioactive properties (e.g. choice of the solvent in which the extracts are dissolved, choice of bacteria, choice of the surface, choice of the method) and type of microorganisms used. Obtained results show the antiadhesive properties of A. platensis and C. vulgaris microalgae extracts and suggest their possible application in field of oral hygiene

• Keywords: microalgae, extracts, Arthrospira platensis, Chlorella vulgaris, dental surfaces, antibacterial activity, antiadhesive activity