Medicinska terminologija: terminotvorni postopki in kratice : terminotvorni postopki in kratice

Tonin, Gašper (author), Smolej, Mojca (mentor), Lenasi, Helena (comentor)

Medicina danes (za razliko od preteklosti, ko so bili termini večinoma prevzeti iz klasičnih jezikov) izrazje večinoma prevzema iz angleščine, pri čemer so v ospredju kratični termini. V nalogi smo predstavili osnove splošne terminološke vede in zgodovino ter posebnosti medicinske terminologije. Analizirali smo dosedanje tipologizacije leksemov in terminov in razvili lastno tipologijo terminotvornih postopkov, ki ni uporabna le za analizo medicinske terminologije, ampak tudi za druga strokovna področja. Razvito tipologijo smo kritično ovrednotili s primerjavo z že obstoječimi tipologijami. Ker je prevzemanje iz angleškega jezika danes najbolj produktiven terminotvoren postopek, smo ovrednotili pomensko kalkiranje in razvili lasten dvorazsežnostni model izraženega prevzemanja, ki smo ga prav tako ovrednotili s primerjavo z obstoječimi teorijami (ustvarjeni model zajema vse možnosti, ki jih predvidevajo predhodne tipologije, omogoči pa še natančnejšo analizo prevzetih terminov). Uporabnost tipologije smo predstavili na enem izmed danes najbolj problematičnih področij medicinske terminologije – kratičnih terminih, ki smo jih analizirali podrobneje. V tujini so raziskovalci že pokazali, da je uporaba kratičnih terminov v kliničnem okolju lahko problematična, v slovenščini pa take raziskave še nimamo. Opredelili smo termine kratični termin, oponašalska kratica in mnemonična kratica ter analizirali procesa terminologizacije in determinologizacije v medicinski terminologiji. Ob tipologiji terminotvornih procesov in analizi kratičnih terminov smo po pregledu problematičnih mest, ki so jih dosedanji jezikovni normativni priročniki spregledali, oblikovali normativna priporočila, osvetlili pa tudi nadaljnja področja za raziskovanje. Pripravili smo tudi zasnovo za oblikovanje slovarja medicinskih krajšav in kratičnih terminov. Naloga lahko tako z več vidikov služi kot osnova nadaljnjemu raziskovanju področja medicinske terminologije.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: slovenščina, tipologija terminov, terminotvorje, prevzemanje v jeziku, dvorazsežnostni model prevzemanja, determinologizacija v medicinski terminologiji, slovar krajšav in kratic
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [G. Tonin]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 175 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-130339
• UDC: 811.163.6:61
• COBISS.SI-ID: 77639427
• Publication date in RUL: 14.09.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Medical terminology: term-formation processes and abbreviations : diplomsko delo

Abstract

Medicine today (unlike in the past, when terms were mostly taken from classical languages) takes terms mostly from English, with abbreviation terms in the foreground. In this diploma thesis, we present the basics of general terminology, as well as the history and specifics of Slovene medical terminology. We have analyzed the current typologies of lexemes and terms and developed our own typology of the term-formation processes, which is useful not only for the analysis of medical terminology but can also be applied to the terminology of other professional fields. The developed typology was critically evaluated by comparison with the existing typologies. As acquisition from the English language is the most productive term-formation process today, we evaluated loan translations and developed our own two-dimensional model of expressed acquisition, which we also evaluated by comparing it with existing theories (the created model includes all the possibilities provided by previous typologies and enables an even more detailed analysis of the acquired terms). We presented the applicability of the typology in one of the most problematic areas of medical terminology today - short terms, which we analyzed in more detail. Abroad, researchers have already shown that the use of short terms in a clinical setting can be problematic, but such a research has not been provided regarding Slovene language so far. We defined the terms abbreviation term, imitative abbreviation, and mnemonic abbreviation, and presented the processes of terminologisation and determinologisation in medical terminology. In addition to the typology of term-formation processes and the analysis of abbreviation terms, and after having reviewed problematic aspects that have been overlooked by previous language normative manuals, we formulated normative recommendations and highlighted further areas for research. We have also prepared a design for creating a dictionary of medical abbreviation terms and short terms. The thesis can thus serve as a basis for further research in the field of medical terminology in several respects.

• Keywords: Slovenian, typology of terms, term formation, acquisition of terms, two-dimensional model of term acquisition, determinologisation in medical terminology, dictionary of abbreviations and acronyms