Ozaveščenost zaposlenih na Zdravstveni fakulteti o presejalnem programu DORA : diplomsko delo

Blažun, Zala (author), Gartner, Katja (author), Mekiš, Nejc (mentor), Alukić, Erna (co-mentor)

Uvod: Rak dojke je eden najpogostejših rakov pri ženkah. Zaradi tako veliko primerov raka so v Sloveniji uvedli presejalni program DORA. Presejalni programi za raka so javnozdravstveni ukrep, pri katerih se s preprostimi preiskavami med ljudmi, ki nimajo nobenih kliničnih težav, išče tiste, ki že imajo predinvazijsko ali zgodnjo - invazijsko obliko raka. Da je program učinkovit, se ga mora udeležiti vsaj 70 % ciljane populacije. Presejanje nam omogoča zgodnje odkrivanje in diagnosticiranje raka dojk s pomočjo mamografije. Program DORA je namenjen ženskam med 50 in 69 letom starost in se izvaja na 22 lokacijah po Sloveniji. Najpomembnejši dejavniki tveganja za nastanek raka dojke so: ženski spol, višja starost, nizka starost ob prvi menstruaciji, visoka starost pri zadnji menstruaciji, hormonska terapija in kontracepcija, debelost, alkohol. Bolj ogrožene so ženske, ki nimajo otrok in tiste, ki so prvič rodile po 30. letu, tiste, ki imajo v družini raka dojke in tiste, ki so ga že prebolele. Namen: Raziskati ozaveščenost o programu DORA med zaposlenimi ženskami na Zdravstveni fakulteti. Na podlagi pregledane literature smo si zastavili 10 raziskovalnih vprašanj. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo. Pregledali smo internetno in knjižnično literaturo. V drugem delu smo uporabili kvantitativno metodo in podatke pridobili s pomočjo pilotnega anketnega vprašalnika. Za statistično analizo smo uporabili Hi kvadrat test. Rezultati: Odzivnost na vprašalnik je bila 52,6 %. Ob obdelavi podatkov smo ugotovili, da ne prihaja do statistično značilnih razlik med mlajšimi in starejšimi, med ženskami z različnimi stopnjami izobrazbe in med ženskami z različnim delovnim mestom. Vse anketirane ženske vedo, kaj je program DORA in čemu je namenjen. Na splošno so dobro seznanjene z dejavniki tveganja. Kljub temu se ženske še vedno ne samopregledujejo dovolj pogosto. Od 50 anketiranih žensk se jih 47 je, ali pa se še bo odzvalo na program DORA (94 %). Razprava in zaključek: S primerjavo podobnih raziskav smo ugotovili, da so ženske, zaposlene na Zdravstveni fakulteti, precej bolje ozaveščene kot ženske v tujini. Prav tako se ozaveščenost skozi leta v Sloveniji zvišuje. Ozaveščenost zaposlenih žensk na Zdravstveni fakulteti je dobra, a po našem mnenju so ženske še vedno premalo ozaveščene o pomembnosti zgodnjega odkrivanja raka in o dejavnikih tveganja, ki pomembno vplivajo na nastanek raka.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, radiološka rehnologija, presejalni program, DORA, ozaveščenost, rak dojke, ženske, mamografija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [Z. Blažun, K. Gartner]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 27 str., [4] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-130200
• UDC: 616-07
• COBISS.SI-ID: 76185347
• Publication date in RUL: 11.09.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Awareness of employees at the Faculty of Health Sciences about the screening program DORA : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among the females. Due to such large number of cases the DORA screening program was established in Slovenia. Cancer screening programs are a public health measure that through simple screening among people who have no clinical problems, search those who already have a pre-invasive or early-invasive form of cancer. For the program to be effective, at least 70% of the target population must participate. Screening allows us to detect and diagnose breast cancer with the help of mammography. The DORA program is intended for women between the ages of 50 and 69 and is performed at 22 locations across Slovenia. The most important risk factors for breast cancer are: female gender, older age, low age at first menstruation, high age at last menstruation, hormone therapy and contraception, obesity, alcohol. More at risk are women who do not have children and those who gave birth for the first time after the age of 30, those who have breast cancer in the family and those who have already overcome it. Purpose: To research the awareness of the DORA program among employed women at the Faculty of Health Sciences. Based on the reviewed literature, we stated 10 research questions. Methods: Descriptive method was used to review the internet and library literature. In the second part, we used the quantitative method to acquire the data with the help of pilot survey questionnaire. We used the Chi square test for statistical analysis. Results: Response to the questionnaire was 52.6%. While processing the data, we found that there are no statistically significant differences between young and old, between women with different levels of education and between women with different types of job. All surveyed women know what the DORA program is and what it is for. In general, they are well acquainted with risk factors. Nevertheless, women still do not self-examine often enough. Of the 50 women surveyed, 47 did respond or will be responding to the DORA program (94%). Discussion and conclusion: Comparisons with similar research have shown that women employed at the Faculty of Health Sciences are much more aware than women abroad. Awareness has also been rising in Slovenia over the years. The awareness of employed women at the Faculty of Health Sciences is good, but in our opinion, women are still insufficiently aware of the importance of early detection of cancer and the risk factors that significantly influence the development of cancer.

• Keywords: diploma theses, radiologic technology, screening program, DORA, awareness, breast cancer, women, mammography