Pregled literature o vplivu vitamina C in E na zaščito pred fotostaranjem kože

Cigale, Maruša (author), Mravljak, Janez (mentor)

Ozadje: Že kar nekaj časa je v trendu ohranjanje mladostnega videza, kjer ima zelo pomemben vpliv seveda stanje kože na obrazu. Starana koža je suha, zgubana, uplahla, vidne pa so tudi številne hiperpigmentacije. Znano je, da je velika večina znakov starane kože posledica kroničnega izpostavljanja ultravijoličnemu sevanju. Le-to povzroča v koži nastanek radikalov, ki reagirajo s kožnimi strukturami ter jih poškodujejo. Glavna vloga antioksidantov je lovljenje radikalov in tako preprečevanje oksidativnih poškodb. Vitamina C in E sta ena izmed pomembnejših antioksidantov v koži. Vitamin C deluje v hidrofilnih, vitamin E pa v lipofilnih področjih. Zaradi nižjega redoks potenciala lahko vitamin C obnavlja vitamin E, kar je tudi eden od razlogov za njuno sinergistično delovanje. Osredotočili smo se na članke, ki opisujejo dermalno aplikacijo vitaminov C in E in njun vpliv na fotostaranje kože. Metode: V iskanju odgovora na zastavljeno raziskovalno vprašanje smo s pomočjo Priporočenih postavk poročanja za sistematični pregled in metaanalizne protokole naredili pregled literature. Sestavili smo iskalne nize ter v podatkovnih bazah Web of Science in PubMed poiskali članke. S pomočjo Pristopa za določanje preučevane populacije, intervencije, kontrole in izzida ter Kontrolnega seznama za različne vrste študij, objavljenega s strani združenja Critical Appraisal Skills Programme smo določili vključitvene in izključitvene kriterije ter si tako pomagali pri izbiri najprimernejših znanstvenih člankov, ki smo jih nato analizirali. Rezultati: Z upoštevanjem smernic in zadanih kriterijev smo izbrali 18 znanstvenih člankov, od tega je bilo 10 kliničnih študij, 8 pa preglednih člankov. Analizirali smo jih glede na državo izvora, leto objave, nato smo klinične študije na kratko povzeli v preglednici, pregledne članke pa obnovili. Klinične študije opisujejo predvsem rezultate topikalne uporabe kombinacije vitaminov C in E, medtem ko pregledni članki opisujejo učinke tako posameznega vitamina kot njune kombinacije. Sklep: Topikalna aplikacija vitaminov C in E učinkovito varuje kožo pred poškodbami, ki nastanejo zaradi akutnega in kroničnega izpostavljanja ultravijoličnemu sevanju. Kombinacija vitaminov deluje sinergistično, pred ultravijoličnim sevanjem varuje učinkoviteje – za isti učinek je potrebna dvakrat nižja koncentracija vitaminov v primerjavi z vsakim vitaminom posebej. Zaradi nestabilnosti se pogosto uporabljajo derivati omenjenih vitaminov, vendar za nekatere od njih še ni potrjenega antioksidativnega učinka.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: fotostaranje, vitamin C, vitamin E, sinergistično delovanje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FFA - Faculty of Pharmacy
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-130080
• Publication date in RUL: 10.09.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Literature review on the protective effects of vitamins C and E against skin photoaging

Abstract

Background: It has been a trend for quite some time to maintain a youthful appearance, of course the condition of the skin on the face has a very important impact. Aged skin is dry, wrinkled, faded, and many hyperpigmentations are visible. It is known that the vast majority of signs of aging skin are due to chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Only this causes the formation of free radicals in the skin, which react with skin structures and cause damage. The main role of antioxidants is to trap free radicals and thus prevent damage to other structures. Vitamins C and E are one of the most important antioxidants in the skin, vitamin C acts in hydrophilic and vitamin E in lipophilic areas. Due to the lower redox potential, vitamin C can restore vitamin E, which is also one of the reasons for their synergistic action. We focused on the articles about topical application of vitamins C and E and their effect on skin photoaging. Methods: In search of an answer to the research question, we used the Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols guidelines to review the literature. We compiled search strings and found articles in the Web of Science and PubMed databases. With the help of the Guidelines designed to assist with choosing population, intervention, comparison and outcome and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme, we determined the inclusion and exclusion criteria, thus helping ourselves to select the most appropriate scientific articles, which we then analyzed. Results: Taking into account the guidelines and set criteria, we selected 18 articles, of which 10 were clinical studies and 8 were review articles. We analyzed them by country of origin, year of publication, then summarized the clinical studies in a spreadsheet and reviewed the review articles. Clinical studies mainly describe the results of topical use of a combination of vitamin C and E, while review articles describe the effects of both a single vitamin and their combination. Conclusion: Topical application of vitamins C and E effectively protects the skin from damage caused by acute and chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation. The combination of vitamins works synergistically, it protects against ultraviolet radiation more effectively - for the same effect, the concentration of vitamins is two times lower compared to each vitamin separately. Due to instability, derivatives of the mentioned vitamins are often used, but for some of them the antioxidant effect has not yet been confirmed.

• Keywords: photoaging, vitamin C, vitamin E, synergistic action