Pristopi pri delu z ljudmi, ki slišijo glasove ali imajo druga nenavadna doživetja : diplomsko delo

Pipp, Ema (author), Urek, Mojca (mentor), Škraban, Juš (co-mentor)

Za raziskavo sem se odločila, ker sem na podlagi praktičnih izkušenj ugotovila, da je področje slišanja glasov in drugih nenavadnih doživetij premalo raziskano. Problem vidim v metodah in pristopih, ki niso prilagojeni ljudem, ki slišijo glasove oziroma imajo druga nenavadna doživetja. Poleg tega je cilj pomoči in podpore, ki ju trenutno ponujajo zdravstvene in socialne službe, otopitev nenavadnih doživetij, namesto spoznavanje in učenje nadzora nad njimi. V diplomskem delu me je zanimalo, ali socialno delo v praksi zanika perspektivo nenavadnih doživetij ali jih vključuje, in če jih, na kakšen način. Torej, kako in v kolikšni meri socialne delavke pri svojem vsakdanjem delu s socialnodelavskimi metodami upoštevajo, ali uporabniki doživljajo nenavadna doživetja, če uporabniki to sploh povejo socialnim delavkam, na kakšen način vključijo izkušnje nenavadnih doživetij v proces podpore in pomoči. Poleg tega sem povzela tri metode socialnega dela: osebni načrt, eko-zemljevid v okviru raziskovanja življenjskega sveta uporabnika ter načrt zmanjševanja škode in analize tveganja, ki sem jih prilagodila na način, da bodo uporabne za osebe, ki slišijo glasove ali imajo druga nenavadna doživetja. Metode sem prilagodila tudi s pomočjo mastriškega intervjuja, ki je namenjen izključno osebam, ki slišijo glasove. Z njegovo pomočjo spoznavamo glasove in nenavadna doživetja, vzpostavljamo povezavo med osebo, ki ima izkušnjo nenavadnih doživetij, in samim nenavadnim doživetjem, ter vzpostavljamo nadzor nad nenavadnim doživetjem. Z akcijskim raziskovanjem sem opravila kvalitativno raziskavo. Empirični del raziskave se deli na dva dela. Prvi del se osredotoča, na kakšen način v praksi socialne delavke upoštevajo uporabnikove nenavadne izkušnje. Izvedla sem tri intervjuje z delavkami vladnih in nevladnih organizacij. Drugi del se osredotoča na prilagojene metode, ki sem jih uporabila na vzorcu treh oseb, ki slišijo glasove ali imajo druga nenavadna doživetja. Za metodo zbiranja podatkov sem uporabila nestandardiziran intervju, za merski instrument pa delno strukturiran vprašalnik z okvirnimi vprašanji. K stroki socialnega dela bi raziskava prispevala z ugotavljanjem prednosti in pomanjkljivosti obstoječih vrst pomoči z vidika uporabnika, z izpolnjevanjem obstoječih in razvijanjem novih vrst pomoči pri uporabnikih, ki slišijo glasove in imajo druga nenavadna doživetja. Namen je ugotoviti, ponuditi oziroma izpopolniti delo, da bi bilo bolj prilagojeno osebam, ki slišijo glasove in imajo druga nenavadna doživetja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: duševno zdravje, nenavadne izkušnje, socialno delo, metode dela, sprejemanje glasov in drugih nenavadnih doživetij
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FSD - Faculty of Social Work
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [E. Pipp]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (80 str.))
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-129923
• UDC: 364.622:616.89-008.42
• COBISS.SI-ID: 83779587
• Publication date in RUL: 09.09.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Working approaches for people who hear voices or have other unusual experiences

Abstract

I decided to do the research about hearing voices and uncommon sensory experiences because through practical experiences, I have noticed that the field of hearing voices and other unusual experiences is under-researched. The problem I could see is in superficial work and unadjusted methods used for work with people who hear voices or have other uncommon experiences. Furthermore, treatment, help and support that are offered by medical and social service are working in the direction of numbing uncommon experiences instead of acknowledging and learning how to control those experiences. In graduation thesis, I was interested in whether social work in practice displaces the perspective of unusual experiences or includes them, and if so, in what way; how and to what extent social workers are considered of unusual experiences in their daily work, if users tell the social worker at all, and how they include unusual experiences in the support and assistance process. In addition, I summarized three methods of social work: a personal plan, eko-map as part of research of living space of person and a harm reduction plan and risk analysis, which I adapted for the use with people who hear voices or have other unusual experiences. I also adapted the methods with the help of the maastricht interview, which is intended exclusively for people who hear voices, and aims getting to know voices and unusual experiences, and establish control over an unusual experience. I contucted a qualitive survey with action research. The empirical part of the research is divided into two parts. The first part focuses on social workers consideration of users's unsual experiences in practice. I carried out three interviews with employees of governmental and non-governmental organizations. The second part focuses on the adapted methods I used to a sample of three people who hear voices or have other unusual experiences. I have used a non-standardized interview for the data collection method and a partially structured questionnaire with framework questions for the measurement instrument. The study would contribute to the social work profession by identifying the advantages and disadvantages of existing types of methods from a users's perspective, completing existing ones, and developing new types of methods for users who hear voices and have other unusual experiences. The purpose is to identify, offer or refine work to be more attuned to people who hear voices and have other unusual experiences.

• Keywords: mental health, uncommon experiences, social work, methods, accepting voices and other uncommon experiences