Vpeljevanje tehnologije 3D-skeniranja v osnovnošolsko tehniško izobraževanje

Kurent, Brina (author), Jamšek, Janez (mentor)

V magistrskem delu sta obravnavani tehnologija 3D-skeniranja in njena možnost vključevanja v osnovnošolsko tehniško izobraževanje. Namenjeno je osnovnošolskim učiteljem tehnike in vsem, ki želijo poglobiti znanje iz tehnologij 3D-skeniranja. To je postopek zajemanja podatkov oblike in dimenzij fizičnega predmeta ter njihove pretvorbe v digitalno obliko. V teoretičnem delu so predstavljeni zgodovinski pregled 3D-skeniranja in področja današnje uporabe te tehnologije. Obdelane so različne tehnologije 3D-skeniranja, izmed katerih je, glede na kriterij natančnost/cena, za osnovnošolsko izobraževanje najbolj primerna tehnologija strukturiranega osvetljevanja 3D-skeniranja. Zajet je pregled obstoječih del na področju vključevanja 3D-skeniranja na osnovnošolskem nivoju doma in po svetu. V nadaljevanju so kriterijsko vrednotena najbolj primerna gradiva, materiali in sestavljanke, kot so plastelin, glina, modelirna snov, polimerna modelirna snov, slano testo, vata s polivinil acetatnim lepilom in mivka s polivinil acetatnim lepilom. Med sestavljankami so v naboru zajete kocke LEGO, konstrukcijska zbirka Fischertechnik in sestavljanki tipa »izdelaj sam« iz ekspandiranega polistirena z zobotrebci ter furnirne plošče z lepilnim trakom. Za namen 3D-skeniranja v osnovni šoli se izkaže kot najbolj primeren plastelin. Slednji je uporabljen za predloge izdelkov za tri ključne starostne skupine, 4.–6. razred, 7.–8. razred in 8.–9. razred. Skupine so določene glede na znanje učencev in zahtevnost izdelave izdelkov, ki pri najmlajših ne vključujejo izdelave podrobnosti. Pri starejših učencih je poleg zahtevnejših oblik z vključujočimi podrobnostmi zahtevano tudi dodatno urejanje 3D-skeniranih modelov s pomočjo 3D-modeliranja. Predlagana izdelka za najmlajšo starostno skupino sta črka za oznako sobe in pripomoček za branje knjig. V srednji starostni skupini sta predlagana pripomočka za slušalke ter notranji šestkotni vijačni ključ. Za najstarejše sta predvidena izdelava ročaja za žago ter popravljanje poškodovanih izdelkov. V magistrskem delu je podana še učna priprava za namen vključevanja 3D-tehnologij v tehniško izobraževanje. Zajema izdelavo črke – oznake sobe, za najmlajšo skupino učencev, v okviru ur tehniškega dne.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Tehniško izobraževanje
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-129525
• COBISS.SI-ID: 75075843
• Publication date in RUL: 06.09.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Bringing 3D-Scanning technology into primary engineering education

Abstract

The master's thesis encompasses 3D-scanning technology with the possibility of its integration in primary school engineering education. Target group is primary school technology teacher and anyone who wants to deepen their knowledge of 3D-scanning technology. 3D-scanning capturing process of physical object’s shape and dimension data into a digital form. The theoretical part scopes 3D-scanning historical outline and its fields of application. Various 3D-scanning technologies are discussed, among which, according to the accuracy/price criteria, the best suitable technology for primary school education, structured light 3D-scanning, is defined. An overview of existing contributions in the field of bringing 3D-scanning at the primary school level at national in international level is included. In the following, the most suitable materials and construction sets such as plasticine, clay, modelling substance, polymeric modelling substance, salt dough, cotton wool with polyvinyl acetate glue, and sand with polyvinyl acetate glue are treated. The construction set collection includes LEGO puzzles, the Fischertechnik construction set, and do-it-yourself sets made of expanded polystyrene with toothpicks and plywood with adhesive tape. For the purpose of introducing 3D-scanning to primary school level, plasticine turns out to be the most suitable. The latter is used for product templates for three key age groups, 10-12 years old, 13-14 years old, and 14-15 years old students. They are determined according to the students' knowledge and the complexity of product planning and making. Complex shapes and details are not included for the youngest ones. For older pupils, complex shapes including details and 3D-modelling to edit 3D-scanned models are applied. The suggested products for the youngest age group are the door letter and an accessory for reading books. For the middle age group, accessories for headphones and a hex key are suggested. Lastly, handle for a saw and repairing damaged products are proposed for the oldest. Master's thesis also includes a lesson plan for the purpose of integrating 3D-technologies with the production of the door letter, for the youngest group of pupils, within the activity day.

• Keywords: Engineering education