S stresom povezani epigenetski mehanizmi v hipokampusu

Minatti, Katarina (author), Glavan, Gordana (mentor)

Izpostavljenost stresnim dejavnikom ima vrsto psiho- in fizioloških posledic, med drugim pa izzove tudi delovanje epigenetskih mehanizmov (modifikacije histonov, metilacija baz DNA in delovanje mikro RNA). Ti ne spreminjajo nukleotidnega zaporedja v DNA, pač pa z različnimi mehanizmi pomembno vplivajo na raven izražanja tarčnih genov. Možgansko področje, ki je na njihovo delovanje še posebej občutljivo, je hipokampus. Epigenetski mehanizmi namreč spreminjajo raven izražanja tamkajšnjih glukokortikoidnih receptorjev (GR), kar lahko poviša tveganje za razvoj anksioznih in depresivnih vedenjskih vzorcev, zmanjšanje volumna hipokampusa in slabšo povezavo med njegovimi področji. Stres lahko sproži tudi epigenetske mehanizme, ki zavirajo izražanje nevrotrofičnega dejavnika možganskega izvora (BDNF), s čimer se izničijo njegovi pozitivni učinki na rast in razvoj celic v hipokampusu. Ker so s stresom povezane duševne bolezni vse bolj razširjene, lahko študije epigenetskih mehanizmov v hipokampusu privedejo do številnih novih ugotovitev, med katerimi so najbolj obetajoče predvsem tiste s področja razvoja epigenetskih zdravil.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: epigenetika, stres, glukokortikoidni receptorji, hipokampus
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [K. Minatti]
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-129194
• UDC: 601.4:577.21:606:61:159.944.4(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 75358211
• Publication date in RUL: 29.08.2021

MINATTI, Katarina, 2021, S stresom povezani epigenetski mehanizmi v hipokampusu [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana : K. Minatti. [Accessed 17 May 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=129194

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Stress-related epigenetic mechanisms in the hippocampus

Abstract

Exposure to stress has a number of psycho- and physiological consequences, including the activation of epigenetic mechanisms (histone modifications, methylation of DNA bases and the action of micro RNA). They do not alter the nucleotide sequence in DNA, but rather affect the level of expression of target genes. Brain area that is particularly affected is the hippocampus. In the hippocampus, the epigenetic mechanisms alter the level of expression of glucocorticoid receptors (GR), which may increase the risk for developing anxious and depressive-like behaviour, decrease hippocampal volume and the connections between its sub-regions. Stress can also trigger epigenetic mechanisms that decrease the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), thereby diminishing its positive effects on cell growth and hippocampal development. As stress-related mental illnesses are becoming more prevalent, research of epigenetic mechanisms in the hippocampus may lead to many promising findings, especially those in the field of epigenetic drug development.

• Keywords: epigenetics, stress, glucocorticoid receptors, hippocampus