Ukrepi za obvladovanje pandemije covida-19 z vidika zdravstva : diplomsko delo

Krajnik, Kim (author), Thaler, Darja (mentor), Mlinar, Suzana (reviewer)

Uvod: Pandemija je epidemija nalezljive bolezni, ki zajema človeško populacijo na obsežnem področju oziroma po celem svetu. Decembra 2019 se je na Kitajskem prvič pojavila pljučnica neznanega izvora, ki se je zelo hitro širila med prebivalstvom. Znanstveniki so ugotovili, da izhaja iz okužbe s SARS-CoV-2, in jo 11. februarja 2020 imenovali covid-19. Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija jo je 11. marca 2020 razglasila za pandemijo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je pregledati literaturo o spopadanju sveta s pandemijo covida-19 v prvem valu okužb, in sicer, kakšne ukrepe so države sprejemale glede na način prenosa virusa ter njihove strategije obvladovanja okužb. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom strokovne in znanstvene literature. Poiskali smo jo s pomočjo oddaljenega dostopa digitalne knjižnice DiKUL in z brskanjem po mednarodnih podatkovnih bazah, kot so PubMed, CINAHL in Medline. Pregled literature je potekal med novembrom 2020 in majem 2021. V pregled literature je bilo vključenih 46 enot literature v angleškem jeziku in en interni dokument v slovenskem jeziku. Rezultati: Stabilnost zdravstvenega sistema je neločljivo povezana s širšimi družbenimi sistemi, ki ga obkrožajo. Epidemije zahtevajo velike količine redkih virov ter zelo obremenijo socialni in ekonomski sistem. Zaščita zdravja se ne opira le na dobro delujoč zdravstveni sistem z univerzalno pokritostjo, temveč tudi na socialno vključenost, pravičnost, mednarodno sodelovanje in solidarnost. Razprava in zaključek: Moč zdravstvenega sistema je neločljivo povezana s širšimi družbenimi sistemi, ki ga obkrožajo. Covid-19 je imel velik vpliv na dostopnost do zdravstvene oskrbe, osnovnih storitev in izobraževalnih ustanov. Grožnja prihodnjih pandemij bi morala spodbujati vladne naložbe v vire za spodbujanje javnega zdravja, krepitev skupnostnih in teritorialnih služb, da bi bile v izrednih razmerah čim bolj uspešne pri organizaciji zdravstvenih storitev in zagotavljanju osnovnih človekovih potreb. Prav tako se lahko iz te pandemije naučimo, da ustrezna komunikacija med zdravstvenimi delavci in svetovalci ter javnostjo motivira ljudi, da se zavedajo in sprejmejo ustrezne ukrepe za čim boljše obvladovanje izrednih zdravstvenih razmer. V prihodnje bi morale vlade več pozornosti posvetiti načrtom za ublažitev negativnih posledic pandemije, še posebej za ranljive družbene skupine.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, pandemija, covid-19, intenzivna nega, zdravstveni sistem, ukrepi
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [K. Krajnik]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 31 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-129161
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 74444035
• Publication date in RUL: 28.08.2021

KRAJNIK, Kim, 2021, Ukrepi za obvladovanje pandemije covida-19 z vidika zdravstva : diplomsko delo [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana  : K. Krajnik. [Accessed 18 May 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=129161

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Health management measures for the covid-19 pandemic : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: A pandemic is an epidemic of an infectious disease that affects the human population over a large area or even around the world. In December 2019, pneumonia of unknown origin first appeared in China and spread very rapidly among the population. Scientists found that it had originated from an infection with SARS-CoV-2 and named it covid-19 on 11 February 2020. It was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to review the literature on how the world coped with the covid-19 pandemic in the first wave of infections, more specifically, what measures countries took, according to the mode of virus transmission, and what their infection control strategies were. Methods: In the diploma thesis, the descriptive method of work with a review of professional and scientific literature was used. We searched for it using the DiKUL digital library's remote access and browsing international databases such as PubMed, CINAHL and Medline. The literature review was conducted between November 2020 and May 2021. 46 units of literature in English and one internal document in Slovene were included in the literature review. Results: The stability of the health care system is inextricably linked to the broader social systems that surround it. Epidemics require large amounts of scarce resources and place a heavy burden on the social and economic system. Health protection relies not only on a well-functioning health system with universal coverage, but also on social inclusion, justice, international cooperation and solidarity. Discussion and conclusion: The power of the health care system is inextricably linked to the broader social systems that surround it. Covid-19 has had a major impact on access to health care, basic services, and educational institutions. The threat of future pandemics should encourage government investment in resources to promote public health, strengthen community and territorial services in order to be as successful as possible in emergency situations in organizing health services and meeting basic human needs. We can also learn from this pandemic that proper communication between health professionals and counsellors and the public motivates people to be aware of and take appropriate action to best manage health emergencies. In the future, governments should pay more attention to plans to mitigate the negative effects of a pandemic, especially for vulnerable social groups.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, pandemic, covid-19, intensive care, health system, measures