Kakovost življenja osebe pred in po transplantaciji organov - pomen psihološke podpore : diplomsko delo

Zeko, Tjaša (author), Thaler, Darja (mentor), Kavčič, Tina (reviewer)

Uvod: Transplantacija organov se v današnjem času izvaja vse pogosteje, kljub temu pa so potrebe po transplantaciji še vedno višje. Na izbiro ustrezne osebe, ki prejme organ vplivajo različni dejavniki. Poleg zagotovitve ustreznih zdravstvenih kriterijev (skladna krvna skupina, tkivna skladnost), je prav tako pomembno tudi psihosocialno stanje oseb in njihove družine. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti kakovost življenja pred in po transplantaciji organov, ugotoviti pomen psihološke podpore in ugotoviti način, možnosti in potrebe po povečanju psihološke podpore osebam. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo s sistematičnim pregledom slovenske in tuje znanstvene in strokovne literature. Pri iskanju smo uporabili časoven okvir, in sicer od leta 2010 do 2021. Literatura je bila iskana s ključnimi besedami, vezanimi na temo diplomskega dela. Rezultati: Pred uvrstitvijo na čakalni seznam za transplantacijo je potrebno opraviti psihosocialno oceno. Vrednotenje zajema informirano soglasje in upoštevanje navodil, vključno z zdravljenjem z zdravili in oceno psihološke podpore, ki velja v domačem in družbenem okolju. Namen tega je zmanjšati škodo, ublažiti tveganje in optimizirati preživetje organov ter delovanje oseb in njihovo kakovost življenja po transplantaciji. Naloga medicinske sestre je sodelovanje z ostalimi člani zdravstvenega tima, oskrba osebe v postopku transplantacije, priprava na operativni poseg in podajanje osnovnih informacij o zdravljenju. Medicinska sestra predstavlja tudi pomemben del komunikacije med člani transplantacijske ekipe in osebo, ki čaka na transplantacijo. Razprava in zaključek: Psihološka podpora je pomembna tako v obdobju pred transplantacijo kot v obdobju po transplantaciji. Velik pomen pripisujemo komunikaciji in odnosu med transplantacijskim timom in osebo v postopku transplantacije. Z ustrezno, tako psihološko kot zdravstveno podporo se osebi omogoči kvalitetnejše spoprijemanje s posledicami transplantacije, kar pa močno vpliva tudi na kvaliteto življenja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, transplantacija organov, psihološka podpora, kakovost življenja
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [T. Zeko]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 40 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-128806
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 73196547
• Publication date in RUL: 31.07.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Quality of life of a person before and after organ transplantation - the importance of psychological support : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Organ transplantation is being performed more and more often nowadays, however, the need for transplantation is still higher. The choice for the appropriate person to receive the organ is influenced by manj different factors. Beside providing appropriate health criteria (consistent blood type, tissue compliance), are also important psycholsocial conditions of a person and their families. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma work is to determine the quality of life before and after organ transplantation, to determine the importance of psychological support and to determine the possibilities and needs to increase psychological support toa person. Methods: In this diploma work a descriptive method of work with a systematic review of Slovenian and foreign scientific and professional literature was used. In the search for literautre was used the time frame from 2010 to 2021. The literature was searched with keywords related to the topic of the diploma work. Results: A psychological assessment must be performed before the person is being placed in the transplant waiting list. Evaluation involves consent of the person to follow instruction, including medical treatmentand, psychological assessment in home and in social enviroment. The purpose is to reduce damage, to ease the risk and optimize organ survival and the functioning of individuals and their quality of life after transplantation. The task of the nurse is to work with other members of the medical team, taking care for the person in the transplantation process, prepare the person for the operation and provide basic information about the treatment. The nurse also represents an important part of the communication between the members of the transplant team and the person waiting for the transplant. Discussion and conclusion: Psychological support si important both in the pre-transplant period and in the post-transplant period. Very important are the communication and the relationship between the transplant team and the person in the transplant process. With appropriate psychological and medical support, a person is enabled to cope better with the consequences of transplantation, which also has a strong impact on the quality of life.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, organs transplantation, psychological support, quality of life