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1,8-dihydroxy naphthalene (DHN) - melanin confers tolerance to cadmium in isolates of melanised dark septate endophytes
ID Potisek, Mateja (Author), ID Likar, Matevž (Author), ID Vogel-Mikuš, Katarina (Author), ID Arčon, Iztok (Author), ID Grdadolnik, Jože (Author), ID Regvar, Marjana (Author)

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Abstract
The contribution of 1,8-dihydroxy naphthalene (DHN) melanin to cadmium (Cd) tolerance in two dark septate endophytes (DSE) of the genus Cadophora with different melanin content was investigated in vitro. The DSE isolate Cad#148 with higher melanin content showed higher tolerance to Cd than the less melanised Cad#149. Melanin synthesis was significantly reduced by Cd in both isolates with uninhibited melanin synthesis, in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition of melanin synthesis by tricyclazole reduced the relative growth of Cad#148 exposed to Cd and did not affect Cad#149. Cd accumulation was not altered by tricyclazole in the two isolates, but it increased catalase and reduced glutathione reductase activity in more melanised Cad#148, indicating higher stress levels. In contrast, in Cad#149 the enzyme activity was less affected by tricyclazole, indicating a more pronounced role of melanin-independent Cd tolerance mechanisms. Cd ligand environment in fungal mycelia was analysed by extended EXAFS (X-ray absorption fine structure). It revealed that Cd was mainly bound to O- and S-ligands, including hydroxyl, carboxyl, phosphate and thiol groups. A similar proportion of S- and O-ligands (~35% and ~65%) were found in both isolates with uninhibited melanin synthesis. Among O-ligands two types with Cd-O-C- and Cd-O-P- coordination were identified. Tricyclazole altered Cd-O- ligand environment in both fungal isolates by reducing the proportion of Cd-O-C- and increasing the proportion of Cd-O-P coordination. DHN-melanin, among other tolerance mechanisms, significantly contributes to Cd tolerance in more melanised DSE fungi by immobilising Cd to hydroxyl groups and maintaining the integrity of the fungal cell wall.

Language:English
Keywords:DSE, melanin, Cd tolerance, inhibitor tricyclazole, antioxidant enzymes, EXAFS
Work type:Article
Typology:1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Year:2021
Number of pages:9 str.
Numbering:Vol. 222, art. 112493
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-128703 This link opens in a new window
UDC:577
ISSN on article:0147-6513
DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112493 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:70067203 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:23.07.2021
Views:1105
Downloads:225
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
Shortened title:Ecotoxicol. environ. saf.
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:0147-6513
COBISS.SI-ID:25368320 This link opens in a new window

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License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.

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Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Funding programme:Young researchers

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:J1-4117
Name:Raziskave ionoma izbranih mikoriznih rastlin

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:L4-7520
Name:Uporabna vrednost genskih virov navadnega fižola za trajnostno izboljšanje pridelkov in zdravo hrano

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:L4-7552
Name:Optimizacija predelave ječmena in ajde za trajnostno pridobivanje živil z visoko uporabno vrednostjo

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:J7-9398
Name:Molekularno slikanje v celici

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:J7-9418
Name:Raziskave ionoma kulturnih rastlin za pridelavo varne in kakovostne hrane

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Project number:N1-0105
Name:Prostorska razporeditev elementov in metabolitov v rastlinah

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Project number:P1-0212
Name:Biologija rastlin

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:P1-0112
Name:Raziskave atomov, molekul in struktur s fotoni in delci

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