Antična naselbina v Vodicah pri Ljubljani

Škerjanec, Luka (author), Gaspari, Andrej (mentor)

Avtor v nalogi interpretira arheološke ostaline in plasti ter spremljajoče drobno gradivo, ki je bilo v okviru zaščitnih izkopavanj v letih 2014 in 2015 odkrito na lokaciji občinskega centra v Vodicah pri Ljubljani. V ospredju stojijo rimskodobne najdbe in strukture, vendar so v obdelavo in interpretacijo vključeni tudi prazgodovinski in mlajši odkriti elementi. V prvem delu se osredotoči na zgodovino raziskav in geografsko ter geološko podobo obravnavanega prostora. Sledi interpretacija odkritih prazgodovinskih in antičnih struktur. Gre za kamnite temelje, vkope stojk ali soh, ognjišča, peči, vodohran, odpadne jame in ruševinske strukture, za katere domneva, da predstavljajo ostaline rimskodobne podeželske vile ali večje naselbine vaškega značaja. V nadaljevanju avtor obravnava drobno gradivo, ki vključuje predvsem keramične najdbe ter manj pogoste kovinske, steklene in kamnite predmete. Na podlagi analize gradiva ugotovi, da je bilo območje raziskav prvič obljudeno v bronasti dobi v okviru horizonta Oloris-Podsmreka. Največji del odkritih najdb spada v rimsko obdobje, v širok kronološki okvir od 1. do konca 4. ali začetka 5. stoletja. Avtor ugotovi, da se največja koncentracija rimskodobnih struktur nahaja znotraj okoli 85,84 x 56,24 metrov velikega dvoriščnega prostora, zamejenega z obodnim zidom. Na skrajnem severovzhodnem in jugozahodnem vogalu dvorišča sta bili delno raziskani dve pravokotni stavbi s suhozidnimi temelji in leseno nadgradnjo. Znotraj dvorišča so se nahajale peči, odpadne jame, vodohran in stojke lesenih struktur. Avtor na podlagi analize najdb ugotovi, da so se na dvorišču izvajale številne obrtne dejavnosti, povezane z samooskrbo naselbine. Na podlagi odsotnosti objektov bivalnega značaja domneva, da v letih 2014/2015 raziskano območje predstavlja gospodarski del (pars rustica) naselbine. Domneva, da se je stanovanjski del naselbine (pars urbana) nahajal na lokaciji bližnjega pastoralnega doma, kjer so raziskave leta 2010 odkrile ostanke zidanih struktur z več manjšimi prostori in deli luksuzne opreme (mozaiki).

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Vodice, rimsko obdobje, rimska keramika, Rimljani, antika, rimsko podeželje, vila rustika, vikus, bronasta doba
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-128642
• Publication date in RUL: 22.07.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The Roman settlement in Vodice near Ljubljana

Abstract

In the thesis, the author interprets the archaeological remains, layers and accompanying small finds, which were discovered as part of a series of protective excavations in 2014 and 2015 at the location of the municipal center in Vodice near Ljubljana. Roman finds and structures are at the forefront of the study, but prehistoric and younger present finds are also included in the interpretation. The first part focuses on the history of research and the geographical and geological structure of the broader study area. An interpretation of the discovered prehistoric and ancient structures follows. These are stone foundations, remains of wooden structures, fireplaces, furnaces, wells, waste pits and ruins, which are believed to represent the remains of a rural villa or larger village like settlement. Hereinafter the author focuses on the small finds, which includes mainly ceramic finds and fewer metal, glass and stone finds. Based on the analysis of the material, he proposes that the research area was first inhabited in the Bronze Age within the Oloris-Podsmreka horizon. Most of the discovered finds belong to the Roman period, to a broad chronological framework from the 1st to the end of the 4th or the beginning of the 5th century. The author finds that the largest concentration of Roman-era structures is located within a 85.84 x 56.24 meters large courtyard that was bounded by a perimeter wall. At the extreme northeast and southwest corners of the courtyard, two rectangular buildings with stone foundations and a wooden superstructure were partially explored. Inside the courtyard remnants of furnaces, waste pits, wells and remains of wooden structures were discovered. Based on the analysis of the finds, the author concludes that a number of craft activities related to the self-sufficiency of the settlement were carried out in the yard. Based on the absence of residential buildings, he proposes that the in 2014/2015 researched area represents the working or productive part (pars rustica) of the settlement. It is assumed that the residential part of the settlement (pars urbana) was located on the site of a nearby pastoral home close to the church of St. Margaret where excavations in 2010 revealed the remains of masonry structures with several smaller rooms and pieces of luxury equipment (mosaics).

• Keywords: Vodice, Roman period, Roman pottery, Romans, Antiquity, Roman countryside, villa rustica, vicus, Bronze Age