Vpliv rastlinskih dodatkov na obstojnost silaž

Terzer, Anja (author), Lavrenčič, Andrej (mentor)

V poskusu smo preučevali vpliv rastlinskih dodatkov na obstojnost silaž. Kot rastlinski dodatek smo izbrali taninski izvleček iz kostanjevega lesa (Farmatan®; FAR). FAR smo v različnih koncentracijah primešali v koruzno silažo (5, 15 in 45 g FAR/kg svežega vzorca). Skupaj smo imeli 17 vzorcev. 8 vzorcev smo izpostavili zraku za 5 dni, drugih 8 za 10 dni in 1 vzorec, katerega nismo izpostavili zraku. Po koncu poskusa smo vse vzorce analizirali in določili kemijsko sestavo silaž, in vitro pravo in navidezno razgradljivost suhe snovi, ter in vitro razgradljivosti suhe snovi (SS) in v nevtralnem detrgentu netopne vlaknine (NDV). Z Gompertzovo funkcijo smo ocenili kazalnike produkcije plina A, B in C, izračunali čase največje hitrosti fermentacije (TMFR), največjo hitrost fermentacije (MFR) in produkcijo plina v 24 urah (Gas24). Vsebnost hlapnih maščobnih kislin, mlečne kisline, etanola in metanola smo določili s plinsko kromatografijo. Dodatek izvlečka FAR je vplival na povečanje vsebnosti suhe snovi. Dodajanje FAR ni imelo vpliva na vsebnost beljakovin v silažah. Tanini dokazano zmanjšujejo razgradnjo beljakovin med konzerviranjem in zmanjšujejo izgube SS zaradi manjše aktivnosti mikrobov. Z dodajanjem FAR se je v primerih, kjer je bila silaža izpostavljena zraku 5 in 10 dni, zmanjšala koncentracija mlečne kisline, medtem ko se je vsebnost amonijaka zmanjšala samo pri 10 dnevni izpostavljenosti zraku. MFR se je z dodajanjem FAR zmanjševala, TMFR pa podaljševal. Pri analizi in vitro razgradljivosti in prebavljivosti so se in vitro prave in navidezne prebavljivosti SS (IVPRSS in IVNRSS) in in vitro razgradljivost NDV (IVRNDV) z dodajanjem FAR zmanjševale. Kazalniki produkcije plina A, B in C so s povečevanjem količine FAR kazali trend zmanjševanja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: živinoreja, prehrana živali, krma, silaža, obstojnost, rastlinski dodatki
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-127102
• COBISS.SI-ID: 64251651
• Publication date in RUL: 18.05.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: EFFECT OF PLANT ADDITIVES ON SILAGE STABILITY

Abstract

In the experiment, we investigated the influence of plant additives on the stability of silage. Tannin extract from chestnut wood (Farmatan®; FAR) was chosen as a plant additive. FAR was mixed into corn silage at different concentrations (5, 15 and 45 g FAR/kg fresh sample). We had a total of 17 samples. 8 samples were exposed to air for 5 days, another 8 for 10 days and 1 sample not exposed to air. At the end of the experiment, all samples were analyzed and the chemical composition of the silage, the in vitro true and apparent degradability of the dry matter (DM) and the in vitro degradability of the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were determined. Using the Gompertz function, we estimated the gas production parameters A, B and C, calculated the times of maximum fermentation rate (TMFR), maximum fermentation rate (MFR) and gas production in 24 hours (Gas24). The concentrations of volatile fatty acids, lactic acid, ethanol and methanol were determined by gas chromatography. Addition of FAR increased the contents of dry matter. The addition of FAR did not affected the protein content in the silage. Tannins have been shown to reduce protein degradation during ensiling and DM losses due to reduced microbial activity. Addition of FAR reduced lactic acid concentration when silages were exposed to air for 5 and 10 days, while the ammonia content decreased only when silages were exposed to air for 10 days. The MFR decreased with the addition of FAR and prolonged the TMFR. In the analysis of in vitro degradability and digestibility, in vitro true and apparent DM degradability (IVTDMD and IVADMD) and in vitro NDF degradability (IVRNDF) decreased with the addition of FAR. Fermentation parameters A, B and C showed a decreasing trend with increasing FAR.

• Keywords: animal breeding, animal nutrition, feed, silage, stability, plant additives