Stres pri bolnikih po srčnem infarktu : magistrsko delo

Gasparini, Eva (author), Masten, Robert (mentor), Jug, Borut (co-mentor)

Srčno-žilne bolezni, med katere uvrščamo akutni miokardni infarkt (AMI), predstavljajo enega glavnih vzrokov umrljivosti v Sloveniji in svetu. Izkušnja prebolelega miokardnega infarkta lahko močno zaznamuje psihološko doživljanje bolnika, kar se kaže v povišani ravni zaznanega stresa in posledično anksiozni ter depresivni simptomatiki. Okrnjeno psihološko stanje bolnika po AMI lahko ima negativne posledice za njegovo zdravje in lahko ovira njegovo okrevanje. V magistrskem delu sem se zato najprej osredotočila na povezanost med ravnijo stresa pri bolnikih, vključenih v program rehabilitacije po AMI, in prisotnostjo anksioznosti ter depresivnosti, in nato na povezavo teh vidikov psihološkega doživljanja z napredkom v rehabilitaciji na področju kakovosti življenja in telesne zmogljivosti. Rezultati so pokazali, da je višji stres pri bolnikih po AMI pozitivno povezan s simptomatiko anksioznosti in depresivnosti. Poleg tega so bile višja raven stresa, anksioznost in depresivnost povezane s slabšo kakovostjo življenja bolnikov po AMI. Izkazalo se je, da jakost stresa, anksioznost in depresivnost pomembno ne vplivajo na napredek v telesni zmogljivosti bolnikov, vključenih v program rehabilitacije po AMI. Višja anksioznost je vplivala na manjši napredek v splošnih ocenah zdravja, a je skupaj z višjo jakostjo stresa pozitivno vplivala na napredek v ocenah telesne kakovosti življenja bolnikov. Dobljeni rezultati so pokazali na razlike med spoloma v napredovanju znotraj programa rehabilitacije. Medtem ko so moški dosegli pomembno izboljšanje na področju telesne zmogljivosti in splošnih ocen zdravja, se pri ženskah napredek ni izkazal za pomembnega. Magistrsko delo nudi vpogled v psihološko doživljanje bolnikov po AMI na področju stresa, anksioznosti in depresivnosti ter kaže na zapletenost odnosa med omenjenimi psihološkimi dejavniki ter napredkom v rehabilitaciji na področju telesne zmogljivosti in kakovosti življenja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: akutni miokardni infarkt, stres, kakovost življenja, telesna zmogljivost, rehabilitacija
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [E. Gasparini]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 71 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-127077
• UDC: 159.9:616.127-005.8(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 65164803
• Publication date in RUL: 16.05.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Stress in patients after acute myocardial infarction

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), represents one of the main causes of death in Slovenia and the world. Experiencing an AMI can deeply affect the patient's psychological well-being and can manifest itself in higher stress levels, anxiety and depression. Such changes in psychological functioning can have negative consequences on the patient's health and can be a major obstacle in the proces of recovery after AMI. In the present work I therefore explored the connections between stress experienced by patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Additionally, I wanted to explore if and how stress, anxiety and depression affect recovery and progress after cardiac rehabilitation, specifically in quality of life and cardiorespiratory fitness measures. Higher stress in patients who were included in cardiac rehabilitation after AMI was positively correlated with experiencing symptoms of anxiety and depression. Furthermore, higher stress, together with anxiety and depression, also negatively correlated with measures of patients' quality of life. However, higher stress, anxiety and depression did not predict patients' improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness. On the other hand, higher anxiety levels did predict worse improvement in patients' subjective assesments of general health. Together with higher stress levels, higher anxiety also predicted a bigger improvement in patients' physical quality of life. There were significant gender differences in the progress within the cardiac rehabilitation program, as men significantly improved their cardiorespiratory fitness and subjective general health, whereas women did not. The present work offers an insight into the experience of stress, anxiety and depression that some patients go through after AMI and serves as a reminder of the complexity of the relationship between patients' psychological experience after AMI and their progress in cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life after cardiac rehabilitation programs.

• Keywords: acute myocardial infarction, stress, quality of life, physical fitness, rehabilitation