Pharmaceutical product liability, litigation regimes, and the propensity to patent : an empirical firm-level investigation

Kovač, Mitja (author), Datta, Salvini (author), Spruk, Rok (author)

Do different pharmaceutical product liability regimes in different countries induce propensity to patent? We exploit the variation in pharmaceutical liability and litigation rules across firms in the pharmaceutical industry and countries to explain the firm-level propensity to patent. Drawing on a large dataset from European Patent Office (EPO) covering over 9,950 pharmaceutical patents from 63 countries over the period 1991–2015, we compute the conditional probabilities of individual pharmaceutical firms to acquire a valid-based patent on the validation outcomes and examine whether different liability regimes encourage or deter firm-level propensity to patent. Our empirical strategy addresses firm-level idiosyncrasies, country-level unobserved effects, and common technology shocks that potentially invoke omitted variable bias in the effects of liability regimes on the propensity to patent. Our investigation reveals that liability regimes combined with damage caps, broad statutory excuses, and reversed burden of proof have a strong positive effect on the firm-level patent stock and a negative effect upon EPO patent validation rate. The evidence suggests that not all liability rules and related litigation procedures are created equal. Firms are systematically more likely to hold (firm-level patent stock) valid patents at the EPO when the liability and litigation rules are not complex and when the damage cap, broad statutory excuses, and reversed burden of proof are introduced.

• Language: English
• Keywords: medications, patents, administrative litigation, tort law, liability, litigation, propensity to patent, transaction costs
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: EF - School of Economics and Business
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 18 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 11, iss. 2
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-126684
• UDC: 346
• ISSN on article: 2158-2440
• DOI: 10.1177/21582440211009470
• COBISS.SI-ID: 25110019
• Publication date in RUL: 04.05.2021

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: SAGE open
• Publisher: SAGE
• ISSN: 2158-2440
• COBISS.SI-ID: 2586967

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: zdravila, patenti, upravni spor

Projects

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Project number: P5-0128
• Name: Izzivi vključujočega in trajnostnega razvoja v prevladujoči paradigmi ekonomskih in poslovnih znanosti