Femoroacetabular impingment syndrome is a movement-related clinical disorder of the hip that represents symptomatic premature contact between the proximal femur and the acetabulum. Anterior hip pain is diagnosed with femoroacetabular impingment syndrome when present with symptoms (pain, clicking, weakness and stiffness in the hip), clinical signs (positive FADIR test, limited range of motion in the hip, dysfunctional movement patterns in the lumbopelvic and hip region) and imaging findings (»cam«, »pincer« or »mixed« type). Currently, approaches for treating the syndrome are focused primarily on surgical techniques. The main purpose of the monographic master's thesis was to design a structured kinesiotheraphy program for the treatment of femoroacetabular syndrome, which will help in the systematic and comprehensive rehabilitation of this syndrome. In the first part of the thesis, the aim was to provide basic information about the anatomy and biomechanical characteristics of the hip, identify more susceptible morphological features for the development of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and mention the most common hip injuries. The aim of the second part of the thesis was to systematically review the literature by obtaining information on the etiology and epidemiology of the syndrome and to present a pathomechanical model of the occurrence of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. The last part of this master's thesis consists of the instructions for the design of a movement-therapeutic program and the presentation of an example of such program. We found that a combination of the following factors is crucial for the development of the syndrome: altered bony morphology, risk population and risk activities, and altered kinematics of the hip-pelvic region. Altered bony morphology is »cam«, »pincer« or »mixed« type of morphology. Affected are mainly young, active individuals, whose activities include intense, cyclic movements in the direction of hip flexion or repetitive movements outside the physiological planes. In certain cases, however, the problems are a reflection of persistence in a static hip flexion position as a result of a predominant sedentary lifestyle. The following kinematic changes during movements where large amplitude of hip flexion is required have been consistently observed in patients: increased pelvic anteversion in the phase of maximum hip flexion, decreased pelvic retroversion in the eccentric phase of movement, reduced activity of the hip extensors, reduced total range of motion of the pelvis and often increased adduction and reduced internal hip rotation. The designed movement-therapeutic program is based on the adjustment of risky activities and the elimination of unfavorable movement patterns. The program includes content aimed at reducing pain, inflammation and capsular rigidity (multidisciplinary cooperation), development of lumbar-pelvic and hip kinesthesia, development of power, stabilization and strength of hip (emphasis on the posterior muscle chain) and trunk muscles, and in the last stages the development of coordination in sports-specific situations with an emphasis on hip flexion. The exercise program must be individually tailored and take into account the basic principles of movement therapy. Active involvement of the individual in the treatment process is also important. With effective interdisciplinary cooperation of health professionals, we can eliminate or at least slow down the progression of the syndrome and reduce the risk of developing further pathologies.
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