Povezanost antropometričnih značilnostih starejših odraslih z izvajanjem temeljnih postopkov oživljanja : diplomsko delo

Mezek, Špela (author), Slabe, Damjan (mentor), Dolenc, Eva (comentor), Jakovljević, Miroljub (comentor), Hiti, Nina (reviewer)

Uvod: Temeljne postopke oţivljanja najpogosteje izvajamo v primeru nastanka izvenbolnišničnega srčnega zastoja. Zaradi tega bi morali biti vsi druţinski člani, tudi starejši odrasli (babice in dedki), usposobljeni za izvajanje temeljnih postopkov oţivljanja. Starejši odrasli očividci dogodka redkeje in slabše izvajajajo temeljne postopke oţivljanja. Namen: Zaradi omenjenih razlogov nas je zanimalo, kakšen vpliv imajo demografske in antropometrične lastnosti starejših odraslih na uspešnost izvedbe temeljnih postopkov oţivljanja. Metode dela: V raziskavi so sodelovali samostojno ţiveči starejši odrasli, ki so podpisali pristopno izjavo. Od preiskovancev smo pridobili demografske podatke in izmerili njihove antropometrične lastnosti (telesna višina, telesna masa, obseg trebuha) iz katerih smo izračunali indeks telesne mase in razmerje obsega pasu in telesne višine. Vsi preiskovanci so bili deleţni izobraţevanja iz temeljnih postopkov oţivljanja, ki so jih nato demonstrirali na modelu za oţivljanje Resusci Anne QCPR Skill Guide (Laerdal, Norveška) z mobilno aplikacijo QCPR Laerdal. Pri analizi povezav demografskih in antropometričnih lastnosti z uspešnostjo temeljnih postopkov oţivljanja smo za kriterij uspešnosti določili, da morata biti odstotek časa v pravilnem frekvenčnem območju ali odstotek časa doseganja zadostnega pritiska nad 75 %. Rezultati: V raziskavi je sodelovalo trideset starejših odraslih preiskovancev, od tega 6 moških in 24 ţensk. Pri globini stisov in izpustov v povprečju preiskovanci niso imeli teţav, teţave so nastale pri doseganju ustrezne frekvence stisov in izpustov, saj je le petina preiskovancev izvajala postopek z ustrezno frekvenco. Med spoloma ni bilo pomembne razlike. Pri analizi smo ugotovili, da opazovane spremenljivke sicer vplivajo na izvedbo temeljnih postopkov oţivljanja, vendar pa je ta vpliv statistično nepomemben. Razprava in zaključek: Starejši odrasli zmorejo učinkovito izvajati temeljne postopke oţivljanja z vidika kriterija doseganja zadostne globine stiska in sprostitve, izvedba stiskov in izpustov pa je bila prehitra. Izvajanje temeljnih postopkov oţivljanja je kompleksen postopek, na katerega vpliva vrsta telesnih in duševnih dejavnikov in bi jih veljalo v prihodnje poglobljeno raziskati na večjem vzorcu preiskovancev.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: stisi prsnega koša, prva pomoč, telesna zmogljivost, diplomska dela, fizioterapija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [Š. Mezeg]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 23 str., [2] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-125950
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 59058947
• Publication date in RUL: 10.04.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Correlation of anthropometric characteristics of older adults by performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Basic resuscitation procedures are most often performed in the event of outpatient cardiac arrest. As a result, all family members, including older adults (grandparents), should be trained to perform basic resuscitation procedures. Older adult eyewitnesses perform basic resuscitation procedures less frequently and poorly. Purpose: For these reasons, we were interested in the impact of the demographic and anthropometric characteristics of older adults on the success of basic resuscitation procedures. Methods: The study involved independent living older adults who signed an accession statement. Demographic data were obtained from the subjects and their anthropometric characteristics (body height, body weight, abdominal circumference) were measured, from which the body mass index and the ratio of waist circumference to body height were calculated. All subjects received training in basic resuscitation procedures, which were then demonstrated on the Resusci Anne QCPR Skill Guide (Laerdal, Norway) resuscitation model with the QCPR Laerdal mobile application. In analyzing the links between demographic and anthropometric characteristics and the performance of basic resuscitation procedures, we considered the criteria of determination success, so that the percentage of time in the correct frequency range or the percentage of dosing time of sufficient pressure must be above 75%. Results: Thirty older adult subjects participated in the study, including 6 men and 24 women. On average, the subjects did not have any problems with the depth of compressions and discharges, and problems arose in achieving the appropriate frequency of compressions and discharges, as only one fifth of the subjects performed the procedure with the appropriate frequency. There was no significant gender difference. In the analysis, we found that the observed variables affect the implementation of basic resuscitation procedures, but this effect is statistically insignificant. Discussion and conclusion: Older adults are able to effectively perform basic resuscitation procedures in terms of the criteria of achieving sufficient depth of distress and relaxation, and the execution of distresses and discharges has been too rapid. The implementation of basic resuscitation procedures is a complex procedure that is influenced by a number of physical and mental factors and should be investigated in depth in the future on a larger sample of subjects.

• Keywords: chest compressions, first aid, physical ability, diploma theses, physiotherapy