Ikonografija enoroga v tapiserijah Dama z enorogom (Musée de Cluny, Pariz)

Berlec, Taisija (author), Germ, Martin (mentor)

Cikel tapiserij Dama z enorogom je eden od redkih ohranjenih primerov srednjeveških tapiserij, ki upodabljajo enoroga. To umetniško delo je posebej zanimivo zaradi svojega bogatega simbolnega pomena. Ikonografska razlaga tapiserij je kompleksna, poleg tega ne obstaja zgolj ena interpretacija, saj so se skozi čas razvile različne razlage, tako posvetne kot verske. V okviru dvorne kulture tapiserije Dama z enorogom skupaj s sorodnim motivom lova na enoroga upodabljajo alegorijo ljubezni in srednjeveškega viteškega dvorjenja. V okviru krščanske ikonografije dama in enorog predstavljata Devico Marijo in Jezusa v prizoru oznanjenja. Pri interpretaciji tapiserij sem se odločila za razlago, po kateri vsaka od petih tapiserij predstavlja enega od čutov, ki so dani človeku. Zadnja, šesta tapiserija predstavlja zavestno odpoved telesnim užitkom, ki jih prinašajo čuti, ter posvetitev duše in telesa Bogu, saj je edina pravilna ljubezen duhovna, edina resnična lepota pa lepota duše. Glavni razlog, da je osrednja tema moje zaključne naloge cikel tapiserij Dama z enorogom, je moja ljubezen do mitoloških in domišljijskih bitij. Enorog je eno od bitij, ki so mi najbolj pri srcu, zato sem precejšen del te naloge posvetila njegovi ikonografiji in vlogi v srednjeveški literaturi in likovni umetnosti.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Dama z enorogom, tapiserija, enorog, alegorija, ikonografija, krščanska ikonografija, srednji vek, Lov na enoroga, pet čutov, oznanjenje, dvorna ljubezen, Musée de Cluny
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-125665
• Publication date in RUL: 31.03.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Iconography of the Unicorn in Lady with the Unicorn tapestry (Musée de Cluny, Paris)

Abstract

The Tapestry Cycle The Lady with the Unicorn is one of the few surviving examples of medieval tapestries depicting a unicorn. This work of art is particularly interesting because of its rich symbolic significance. The iconographic interpretation of tapestries is complex, and in addition we must mention that there is more than one interpretation, as different interpretations, both secular and religious, have developed over time. Within the court culture, tapestries of The Lady with the unicorn, together with a related motif of The hunt of the unicorn, depict an allegory of love and medieval chivalrous courtship. As part of Christian iconography, the lady and the unicorn represent the Virgin Mary and Jesus in the scene of the Annunciation. In interpreting the tapestries, I opted for an interpretation in which the five tapestries each represent one of the senses given to man. The last, sixth tapestry, however, represents a conscious renunciation of the bodily pleasures brought by 3 the senses, and the consecration of soul and body to God, for the only true love is spiritual, and the only true beauty is the beauty of the soul. The main reason that the main theme of my final assignment for the Batchelor's degree is The Lady with the Unicorn tapestry cycle, is my love for mythological and imaginary creatures. The unicorn is certainly one of the beings that are closest to my heart, so I have devoted a considerable part of this assignment to its iconography and its role in medieval literature and fine arts.

• Keywords: Lady with the Unicorn, tapestry, Unicorn, allegory, iconography, christian iconography, Middle Ages, The Hunt of the Unicorn, five senses, Annunciation, courtly love, Musée de Cluny