Šolski projekti na temo pametne hiše temelječi na mikroračunalniku Raspberry Pi

Dvorščak, Mihael (author), Kocijančič, Slavko (mentor)

Razvoj informativno-komunikacijskih tehnologij omogoča nove načine vključevanja elektronskih naprav v naš vsakdan. Avtomatizacija doma uporabniku olajša vsakodnevna opravila in izboljša kakovost bivanja. Raspberry Pi in ostala programirljiva okolja uporabnikom olajšajo učenje elektronike in programiranja. Ker so učni načrti v veljavi že nekaj časa, ne vsebujejo napotkov za vključitev novih tehnologij v šolski prostor in tako tudi ne vsebujejo načrta za umestitev mikroračunalnika Raspberry Pi v učni proces. Magistrsko delo je namenjeno učiteljem tehnike v osnovnih šolah in profesorjem tehniških predmetov na srednješolski stopnji izobraževanja. Rezultat je projekt, katerega osnova je mikroračunalnik Raspberry Pi. Uporabili smo ga za krmiljenje dveh elementov pametne hiše, luči in okenskih rolet. V teoretičnem delu predstavimo pametno hišo in njene elemente, mikroračunalnik Raspberry Pi in njegove komponente. Ogledamo si primere uporabe mikroračunalnika Raspberry Pi in elemente pametne hiše v izobraževalne namene v Sloveniji in tujini. Analiziramo primernost trenutnih učnih načrtov tehniških predmetov osnovnošolskega in srednješolskega izobraževanja za uporabo projekta pri učnih urah. Predstavimo klasičen pouk pri tehniškem predmetu in alternativne učne pristope ter metode. V projektnem delu predstavimo prvo postavitev in zagon mikroračunalnika Raspberry Pi ter namestitev programskih komponent, kot so spletni strežnik Apache, spletni modul Flask in ostali. Nadaljujemo s konfiguracijo potrebnih nastavitev, da uporabimo Raspberry Pi kot spletni strežnik za našo spletno stran in osrednjo krmilno enoto elementov naše pametne hiše. Razložimo sestavo elektronskih delov projekta in povezavo le-teh s programskim delom, narejenih s pomočjo programskih jezikov Python, JavaScript in HTML. Programski del je tudi podrobneje razložen za vsak podsklop posebej. Na koncu bralcu ponudimo priporočila za vključitev in umestitev podanega projekta v izobraževalni proces naravoslovno-tehniških predmetov tretje triade osnovne šole in srednješolskega poklicnega in strokovnega izobraževanja na podlagi obstoječih učnih načrtov. Magistrsko delo ponuja veliko odprtih možnosti in izboljšav zaradi obširnosti tematike in vsestranske uporabnosti mikroračunalnika Raspberry Pi.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Raspberry Pi
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-125341
• COBISS.SI-ID: 54592259
• Publication date in RUL: 22.03.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Smart home school projects based on Raspberry Pi microcomputer

Abstract

The development of information and communication technologies enables new ways of integrating electronic devices into our everyday lives. Home automation makes everyday tasks easier for the user and improves the quality of life. The Raspberry Pi and other programmable environments make it easier for users to learn electronics and programming. Since the curricula have been in place for some time, they do not contain guidelines or a plan for incorporating new technologies into the school space, like the Raspberry Pi microcomputer is. The thesis is intended for teachers in junior high and high school, teaching technology education classes. Its main result is a project focused on a Raspberry Pi microcomputer used as a main controller of two smart home elements, lights, and blinds. In theoretical part we present smart home and its elements, Raspberry Pi microcomputer, and its components. We check different use cases of smart home elements and Raspberry Pi microcomputer in Slovenian and foreign education systems. We analyse suitability of the current educational curriculum in Slovenia for junior high and high schools for the purpose of using our project in technical education. We present a classical approach in science and technology lessons and upgrade it with presentation of alternative learning approaches and methods. In practical part we present first boot up and setup of Raspberry Pi, instalment of needed software, Apache web server, and Flask Python module. We continue with configuration of Raspberry Pi to become our main web server and control unit of our smart home. In detail we explain usage of electronic components and how they are connected with software part made with Python, Javascript and HTML programming languages. Software part is also thoroughly explained for each subset individually. Finally, we offer the reader recommendations for the inclusion and placement of the given project in the educational process of natural science and technical subjects of the third triad of primary school and high school education based on the existing curricula. The thesis leaves many open possibilities and improvements, due to the sheer breadth of the topic and versatile usage of Raspberry Pi microcomputer.

• Keywords: Raspberry Pi