Introduction: Pregnancy leads to several physiological changes that can affect the musculoskeletal system and the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders. Among them, changes in physiological posture are especially common, which can cause excessive strain on body segments, often leading to fatigue, microtrauma, and pain. In the existing literature, the results of the influence of pregnancy on postural changes are diverse and in some places even contradictory. There is a general belief that changes in posture occur, but opinions differ as to what form these changes take. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma work was to determine which are the most common changes in physiological posture in pregnancy and which forms of posture measurements have been used in recent research, based on a review of professional and scientific literature. Methods: The search for professional and scientific literature was carried out with the help of online databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and CINAHL. The inclusion criteria for the selected studies were Slovene or English language; articles published in the last 10 years; articles that included pregnant women and posture measurements; relevant content according to the title and abstract and access to the full text. Results: The search gave 531 results. With the help of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 7 studies were selected for the research. Research shows that changes in posture occur during pregnancy, but the results vary among authors. The reviewed studies showed increased and decreased lumbar lordosis, increased thoracic kyphosis, increased lateral deviation of the spine, increased anterior pelvic tilt, increased external rotation of the hip joints, displacement of the center of pressure posteriorly and displacement of the body center of gravity anteriorly. 7 different measuring devices were used: topography, electromagnetic and 10-camera motion capture system, Spinal Mouse®, digital inclinometer, digital posture analysis system PAS, digital pictures, and pressure plate. Discussion and conclusion: Despite better technology, recent studies do not yield different results. Many differences and limitations of studies make it difficult to compare between them, suggesting the need for further larger cross-sectional or longitudinal studies. An accurate understanding of the mechanism and existence of certain changes in posture during pregnancy is extremely important for the field of physiotherapy.
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