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Measurement of recoil proton polarization in the $\mathrm{^{12}C(\vec e, e' \vec p)}$ process at large virtualities
ID Kolar, Tim (Author), ID Širca, Simon (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window

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Abstract
Electron scattering experiments of the A$(\vec{e},e'\vec{p})$ type involving degrees of freedom related to the polarization of the particles are a rich source of information about the proton structure, both when embedded inside nucleus or when it is free (A=$^1$H). This was established by numerous experiments which were conducted on $^1$H, $^2$H, $^4$He, $^{12}$C, and $^{16}$O targets. These measurements presented the results, typically, as a function of momentum transfer squared or missing momentum. Only recently a new variable, called virtuality, has become a more popular choice. This is mainly due to the fact that the polarization transfer component ratio normalized with the same ratio for hydrogen, $\mathrm{(P'_x/P'_z)_A/(P'_x/P'_z)_{^1H}}$, which can be related to the change of electromagnetic form-factor ratio, $\mathrm{G^p_E/G^p_M}$, of the bound proton, exhibits universal behavior once it is considered as a function of virtuality, regardless of which target nucleus is used. This work presents the first measurement of the polarization transfer components in the A$(\vec{e},e'\vec{p})$ process in quasi-elastic kinematics for protons of similar virtualities that were knocked out from the s$_{1/2}$ and p$_{3/2}$ shells in $^{12}$C. With this experiment we wanted to exploit the predicted difference between the local nuclear densities exhibited by protons when bound in s$_{1/2}$ and p$_{3/2}$ shells to study possible density-dependent in-medium modifications of proton's electromagnetic form factors. Within the uncertainties of our measurements we observed no such modification and found a relatively good agreement between experimental results and the predicted polarization components calculated in relativistic distorted-wave impulse approximation (RDWIA).

Language:English
Keywords:polarized electron beam, electron-proton scattering, lepton-induced reactions, nuclear shell model, polarimetry, magnetic charged-particle spectrometers
Work type:Doctoral dissertation
Typology:2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
Organization:FMF - Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Year:2021
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-124741 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:52043523 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:13.02.2021
Views:1109
Downloads:140
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Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Title:Meritev polarizacije odrinjenih protonov v procesu $\mathrm{^{12}C(\vec e, e' \vec p)}$ pri visokih virtualnostih
Abstract:
Poskusi z elektronskim sipanjem tipa A$(\vec{e},e'\vec{p})$, ki vključujejo polarizacijske prostostne stopnje, so bogat vir informacij o strukturi protona, bodisi ko je ta ujet v jedro bodisi kadar je prost (A=$^1$H). Uporabnost metode je bila potrjena v številnih predhodnih poskusih, kjer so kot tarčo uporabili jedra $^1$H, $^2$H, $^4$He, $^{12}$C in $^{16}$O. V teh delih so bili rezultati največkrat predstavljeni v odvisnosti od kvadrata prenesene gibalne količine ali pa kot funkcija manjkajoče gibalne količine. Nedavno se je začelo preučevati odvisnost polarizacijskih komponent in njihovih razmerjih tudi od virtualnost protona, $\nu$. To je predvsem posledica opažanj, da razmerje komponent prenosa polarizacije za posamezno jedro, normalizirano z istim razmerjem za prost proton, $\mathrm{(P'_x/P'_z)_A/(P'_x/P'_z)_{^1H}}$, ki je posredno odvisno tudi od razmerja elektromagnetnih oblikovnih faktorjev, $\mathrm{G^p_E/G^p_M}$ vezanega protona, kaže univerzalno vedenje kot funkcije $\nu$ ne glede na to, katero tarčno jedro uporabimo. V tem delu predstavljamo prvo meritev komponent prenesene polarizacije pri protonih podobnih virtualnosti, ki so bili izbiti iz s$_{1/2}$ in p$_{3/2}$ stanj v $^{12}$C v procesu $\mathrm{^{12}C(\vec e,e'\vec p)}$ v kvazielastični kinematiki. Z eksperimentom smo želeli izkoristiti napovedano razliko med lokalnima jedrskima gostotama, ki ju občutijo protoni vezani v stanju s$_{1/2}$ in p$_{3/2}$, da bi lahko raziskali možne gostotno odvisne modifikacije razmerja elektromagnetnih oblikovnih faktorjev v jedru ujetega protona. V okviru negotovosti naših meritev nismo opazili signifikantne spremembe pri razmerju polarizacijskih komponent za protone iz različnih stanj, ko smo jih primerjali pri podobni virtualnosti. Poleg tega smo opazili tudi dobro ujemanje med eksperimentalnimi rezultati in napovedmi za polarizacijske komponente, izračunanimi v relativističnem impulznem približku distorziranih valov (RDWIA).

Keywords:polariziran elektronski žarek, sipanje elektrona na protonu, z leptoni povzročene reakcije, lupinski model jedra, polarimetrija, magnetni spektrometri za nabite delce

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