Wood identification of charcoal with Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy

Balzano, Angela (author), Čufar, Katarina (author), Krže, Luka (author), Merela, Maks (author)

Wood identification of barbecue charcoal from commercial packages of three retailers (B1, B2, B3) in Slovenia and Croatia was performed with help of Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). CLSM enabled us to image key identification features of charcoal wood that were compared with light micrographs of wood from the reference collection. Product B1 contained charcoal made exclusively of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica) and the declaration indicated the address of the producer, in Serbia which allowed traceability of the wood. The selection of wood species in product B2, consisted of red oak (Quercus cerris or Q. rubra), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), and cherry (Prunus avium), which could originate from Serbia, and it did not contain tropical wood as stated on the package. Product B3 contained wood from at least four (sub)topical species which could not be exactly identified to species/genus level. The declaration on the product did not allow traceability of wood. As the risks of illegal logging are high for wood of (sub)tropical origin, our results support the initiative that the monitoring of the charcoal trade should be covered by the EUTR - European Timber Regulations.

• Language: English
• Keywords: charcoal, confocal laser scanning microscopy, wood anatom, wood identification, domestic wood species, tropical wood species, illegal logging
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: Str. 21-35
• Numbering: Let. 69, št. 2
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-124368
• UDC: 630*811:62-663.8
• ISSN on article: 0024-1067
• DOI: 10.26614/les-wood.2020.v69n02a02
• COBISS.SI-ID: 44808195
• Publication date in RUL: 18.01.2021

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Les
• Shortened title: Les
• Publisher: Zveza društev inženirjev in tehnikov gozdarstva in lesarstva Slovenije, Zveza društev inženirjev in tehnikov gozdarstva in lesarstva Slovenije, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za lesarstvo, Založba Univerze, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za lesarstvo, Založba Univerze
• ISSN: 0024-1067
• COBISS.SI-ID: 13940224

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
• Licensing start date: 30.12.2020

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Title: Identifikacija lesa oglja s pomočjo konfokalne laserske vrstične mikroskopije

Abstract

Identifikacijo lesa oglja iz treh trgovin v Sloveniji in na Hrvaškem smo opravili s pomočjo konfokalne laserske vrstične mikroskopije (CLSM). Predstavili smo slike in opise ključnih znakov za identifikacijo lesa oglja in lesa iz referenčne zbirke. Izdelek B1 je vseboval oglje iz lesa bukve (Fagus sylvatica) in deklaracijo z natančnim naslovom proizvajalca iz Srbije, ki omogoča sledenje izvora lesa. Izdelek B2 je vseboval oglje iz lesa enega od rdečih hrastov (Q. cerrisali Q. rubra), robinije (Robinia pseudoacacia) in češnje (Prunus avium). To potrjuje, da pošiljka ne vsebuje tropskega lesa, kot je navedeno na deklaraciji in da verjetno prihaja iz Srbije. Izdelek B3 je vseboval les iz vsaj štirih (sub)tropskih lesnih vrst, ki jih ni bilo mogoče natančno določiti. Ker so tropske vrste za oglje pogosto nezakonito posekane, se pridružujemo pobudi, da bi v Evropi nadzor trgovine z ogljem morali vključiti v Uredbo EU o lesu - EUTR

• Keywords: oglje, konfokalna laserska vrstična mikroskopija, anatomija lesa, identifikacija lesa, domače lesne vrste, tropske lesne vrste, nezakonita sečnja

Projects

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Project number: P4-0015
• Name: Les in lignocelulozni kompoziti