Spontano prostovoljstvo v izrednih razmerah v Sloveniji : magistrsko delo

Cvetko, Ana (author), Šugman Bohinc, Lea (mentor)

V zadnjem času smo priča naraščanju števila naravnih in drugih nesreč večjih razsežnosti, kar na terenu spodbudi tudi aktivacijo več različnih organizacij, ki se vključijo s svojimi prostovoljci. Ko se zgodijo nepredvidljive situacije, bodisi naravne nesreče, kot so poplave, potresi in hudourniki, bodisi druge izredne situacije večjih razsežnosti, kot je večji migrantski val na mejah, pa je prostovoljska izkušnja nova in posebna – govorimo tudi o spontanih prostovoljcih. V prvem delu naloge sem predstavila nekaj teoretičnih izhodišč o spontanem prostovoljstvu, prostovoljstvu na splošno in o stiskah, ki jih delo v izrednih razmerah lahko izzove. V drugem, empiričnem delu naloge pa sem se posvetila predvsem raziskovanju podpore spontanim prostovoljcem s strani organizacij in teže bremena, ki jo prinaša delo v izrednih razmerah. Analiza zbranega gradiva kaže, da v izrednih razmerah za spontane prostovoljce ni sistemsko urejene psihosocialne podpore, prav tako ni sistemsko in enakomerno razporejene ostale podpore organizacije. Ker za pripravo na prostovoljsko delo ob nepredvidljivih situacijah ni veliko časa, to pomeni, da gredo spontani prostovoljci na teren velikokrat tudi povsem neopremljeni za delo. Težave se pojavijo, ko se nepripravljeni prostovoljci na terenu ne znajdejo. Prav tako velikokrat ne obstaja sistem selekcije, kdo je sploh primeren za prostovoljno delo, da s svojim ravnanjem ne bo ogrožal sebe ali drugih. Ker je lahko delo s spontanimi prostovoljci za organizacije velik izziv, sem v nalogo vključila tudi raziskovanje prednosti in izzivov vključevanja spontanih prostovoljcev. Analiza je pokazala, da ima vključevanje spontanih prostovoljcev na teren svoje prednosti in slabosti, vendar je prednosti vseeno več. Ker je bila med procesom ustvarjanja diplomskega dela v Republiki Sloveniji razglašena epidemija bolezni covid-19, sem se po posvetu z mentorico odločila, da v raziskavo vključim tudi delovanje spontanih prostovoljcev v aktualnih razmerah in s koordinatorji prostovoljcev med drugim raziščem, kako, če sploh, so organizacije v času od zadnje večje izredne situacije, begunske krize leta 2015, do sedanje izredne situacije spremenile in nadgradile področje koordinacije spontanih prostovoljcev. Pričujoče delo se osredotoča na raziskovanje spontanega prostovoljstva v Republiki Sloveniji in je izhodišče za morebitno nadaljnje raziskovanje tega pestrega, vse bolj aktualnega področja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: spontano prostovoljstvo, koordinacija spontanih prostovoljcev, psihosocialna podpora, socialno delo v izrednih razmerah
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FSD - Faculty of Social Work
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Cvetko]
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-124346
• COBISS.SI-ID: 50785027
• Publication date in RUL: 16.01.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Spontaneous volunteerism in natural disasters and other unpredictable events in Slovenia

Abstract

Recently, we witnessed an increase of natural or other disasters, which activate different organizations to involve the volunteers in the field. When unpredictable situations occur — whether natural disasters, such as floods, earthquakes, torrents, or other major disasters, such as the migration flow at the borders — is the volunteering experience new and special; at this point, we also talk about spontaneous volunteers. In the first, theoretical part of the Master’s Thesis, I present spontaneous volunteerism, volunteerism in general and the distress that working in complex emergencies can cause. In the second, empirical part of the thesis, I focus mainly on researching the support that spontaneous volunteers receive from organizations, and the onerous burden that is placed on the volunteers when working in complex emergencies. The analysis of the gathered data shows that in complex emergencies, there is neither systemic psychosocial support for spontaneous volunteers nor other systemic and equally distributed support by the organization. In unpredictable situations, there is not much time to prepare for volunteer work, so spontaneous volunteers often go to the field completely unequipped. Problems arise when the unprepared volunteers cannot orientate in the field. In many cases, there is no system of selection that would show who is suitable for volunteering at all, so that they would not endanger themselves or others with their actions. Working with spontaneous volunteers can be a big challenge for organizations therefore I also included the research of benefits and challenges they face in involving spontaneous volunteers. The analysis showed that involving spontaneous volunteers in the field has its advantages and disadvantages, however, the disadvantages do not outweigh the advantages. During the Master’s Thesis process the Covid-19 epidemic was declared. I decided to consult with my mentor to include the work of spontaneous volunteers in the current situation. Together with volunteer coordinators, I researched how, if at all, organizations have changed and upgraded the coordination of spontaneous volunteers from the last emergency – the Refugee Crisis in 2015 – until now. The following work focuses on the research of spontaneous volunteerism in the Republic of Slovenia, and it is a base for further research of this diverse field, whose importance is increasingly growing.

• Keywords: spontaneous volunteerism, coordination of spontaneous volunteers, psychosocial support, social work in complex emergencies