Optimizacija stratifikacijskih postopkov pri nekaterih vrstah trajnic

Marzek, Eva (author), Osterc, Gregor (mentor)

Trajnice so vsestransko uporabne rastline. Z njimi se srečujemo povsod. Posebno pomembna skupina rastlin so zelnate trajnice. Krajinski vrtnarji jih pri urejanju vrtov uporabljajo zelo pogosto. Vrtnarji, ki trajnice tudi gojijo, se pogosto srečujejo z njihovim težavnim vznikom, zato smo v diplomskem delu poskušali optimizirati stratifikacijske postopke pri nekaterih vrstah trajnic. Pri vrstah Aconitum × arendsii (Aconitum fischeri Rchb. × Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux), Belamcanda chinensis (L.) Redouté, Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt. in Gentiana acaulis L. smo z različnimi stratifikacijskimi postopki (hladno tretiranje, namakanje v giberelinski kislini (GA3), odstranitev semenske lupine, zaščita pred svetlobo) hoteli omogočiti hitrejši in boljši vznik. Poizkus smo izvajali v letu 2015 in 2017. Najboljši vznik smo opazovali pri semenih Belamcanda chinensis, kjer je v obravnavanju leta 2015 brez predhodnega tretiranja kalilo 5 semen od 8 preučevanih, kar predstavlja 62,5 % kalitev, leta 2017 pa je bila najboljša kalitev pri semenih namočenih v vodo in s semensko lupino, kjer je kalilo 31 semen, kar predstavlja 62 % delež kalitve. Uspešno aklimatizacijo leta 2015 so dosegle tri rastline iz obravnavanj z vodo in brez semenskega ovoja ter pri GA3 brez semenskega ovoja, kar pri vsakem obravnavanju predstavlja 50 % kalitev. Pri vrstah Aconitum arendsii in Gentiana acaulis so semena kalila, vendar v nadaljevanju poskusa leta 2015 propadla. Leta 2017 smo pri Gentiana acaulis največji vznik zabeležili pri obravnavanju z vodo in brez izpostavitve svetlobi, kalilo je 36 semen, kar predstavlja 48 % delež kalitve. Pri vrsti Cimicifuga racemosa pri semenih ni prišlo do vznika. Rezultati so pokazali, da predhodno hladno tretiranje semen ni bistveno vplivalo na boljšo kalitev. Kot najboljša kombinacija za uspešnejši delež kalitve se je pri semenih opazovanih vrst leta 2015, pokazalo obravnavanje GA3 v kombinaciji z odstranitvijo semenske lupine, leta 2017 pa namakanje v vodo in s prisotno semensko lupino.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: okrasne rastline, trajnice, seme, vrste trajnic, stratifikacijski postopki, razmnoževanje rastlin, kalitev
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [E. Marzek]
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-124289
• UDC: 635.9(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 44475139
• Publication date in RUL: 14.01.2021

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Optimisation of the stratification process in some perennial species

Abstract

Perennial plants are comprehensively useful, we are exposed to them daily. Herbaceous perennials are of particular importance and are often used by landscape gardeners. The gardeners who cultivate perennials are often facing difficulties with their germination, therefore we focused this thesis on optimization of seed stratification treatments in specific perennial species. With the species Aconitum x arendsii (Aconitum fischeri Rchb. x Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux, Belamcanda chinesis (L.), Redouté, Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt. and Gentiana acaulis L., we wanted to enable faster and better germination by various stratification treatments (cold treatment, chemical treatment using gibberellic acid (GA3), removal of the seed coat, protection from light exposure). The experiment took place in 2015 and 2017. The best germination was observed in a 2015 experiment with the Belamcanda chinesis seeds, where 5 out of 8 seeds germinated without any prior treatment, representing 62.5% of germinations. In 2017 the best germination was achieved with seeds soaked in water and with the seed coat present, where 31 seeds germinated represented 62% of germinations. Successful acclimatization in 2015 was achieved by three plants used the water treatments, without the seed coat, and with the GA3 with no seed coat present, which represents 50 % of gemination in each individual treatment. With the species Aconitum arendsii in Gentiana acaulis seed germination occurred, but the continuation of the experiment in 2015 failed. In 2017 greater germination was observed with the Gentiana acaulis the seeds which were treated with water and protected from light exposure, 36 seeds germinated, this represents 48 % of germination. With the species Cimicifuga racemosa germination did not occur. The results showed that previous exposure to cold of the seeds did not significantly cause better germination. The best combination for the more successful germination rate observed in 2015 was the GA3 treatment in combination with the-seed coat, and water treatment with seed coatpresent in 2017.

• Keywords: ornamental plants, perennials, species, seed, seed stratification, propagation, germination