Preučevanje vpliva petih biostimulantov na pojav škodljivih organizmov in pridelek čebule (Allium cepa L.)

Trošt, Žan (author), Trdan, Stanislav (mentor)

V letu 2019 smo izvedli poskus na njivi, posajeni s čebulo (Allium cepa). Želeli smo preučiti vpliv petih različnih biostimulantov na pojav škodljivih organizmov in pridelek čebule. Biostimulanti Vitanica Si, Vitanica MC, Vitanica RZ in Basfoliar vsebujejo morsko algo Ecklonia maxima, ki vpliva na odpornost rastlin na različne stresne dejavnike. Vitanica RZ poleg tega vsebuje tudi bakterijo Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, ki rastlinam omogoča boljši sprejem hranil. Biostimulant Plantonic vsebuje izvlečke različnih rastlin. Preučevali smo vpliv biostimulantov na pojav poškodb zaradi tobakovega resarja (Thrips tabaci), čebulne muhe (Delia antiqua) in strun (Elateridae), na pojav okužbe s čebulno plesnijo (Peronospora destructor) ter na pridelek čebule. Poskus je potekal na Laboratorijskem polju Biotehniške fakultete v Ljubljani. Škropljenje s pripravki je potekalo v 7- oziroma 14- dnevnih intervalih. Ugotovili smo vpliv biostimulanta Basfoliar na manjši pojav čebulne plesni in prav takšen vpliv Plantonica na pojav strun. Ugotovili smo, da na pojav tobakovega resarja biostimulanti niso imeli vpliva. Največji pridelek čebule smo ugotovili ob uporabi biostimulantov Vitanica Si ter Vitanica MC ob uporabi 70 % koncentracije insekticida in fungicida, in sicer več kot 13 t/ha, najmanjši pridelek pa je bil v obravnavanju negativna kontrola, manj kot 6 t/ha. Največje število zdravih čebulic na parcelo je bilo ugotovljeno v obravnavanju 100 % insekticid + Plantonic, okoli 83 %, najmanjše pa v obravnavanju 70 % insekticid + 70 % fungicid + Vitanica RZ, okoli 39 %.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: čebula, Allium cepa, škodljivci, tobakov resar, Thrips tabaci, čebulna muha, Delia antiqua, strune, Elateridae, biostimulanti
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [Ž. Trošt]
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-124065
• UDC: 635.25:632.6/.7:631.811.98(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 44504323
• Publication date in RUL: 24.12.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Research on the impact of five biostimulants on occurrence of pests and diseases in onion (Allium cepa L.)

Abstract

In 2019, we conducted an experiment in a field planted with onions. We wanted to study the effect of five different biostimulants on the occurrence of pests and the yield of onion. Biostimulants Vitanica Si, Vitanica MC, Vitanica RZ and Basfoliar contain the seaweed Ecklonia maxima, which affect the resistance of plants to various stressors. Vitanica RZ also contains the bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, which allow better nutrient uptake. Biostimulant Plantonic contains extracts of various plants. We studied the influence of biostimulants on the occurrence of injuries due to onion thrips (Thrips tabaci), onion fly (Delia antiqua) and click beetles (Elateridae), on occurrence of infection with onion downy mildew (Peronospora destructor) and on the yield of onions. The experiment took place in the Laboratory Field of the Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana. Spraying with biostimulants took place at 7- or 14-day intervals. We found the effect of the biostimulant Basfoliar on the minor occurrence of downy mildew and the same effect of Plantonic on the occurrence of click beetles. We found that biostimulants had no effect on the occurrence of onion thrips. The highest yield of onions was determined using the biostimulants Vitanica Si and Vitanica MC using 70% concentration of insecticides and fungicides; more than 13 t/ha and the lowest yield was in negative control, less than 6 t/ha. The highest number of healthy bulbs was found in the treatment of 100% insecticide + Plantonic, around 83% and the smallest in the treatment of 70% insecticide + 70% fungicide + Vitanica RZ, around 39%.

• Keywords: onion, Allium cepa, pests, onion thrips, Thrips tabaci, onion fly, Delia antiqua, wireworms, Elateridae, biostimulants