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Analiza kriterijev ogroženosti slovenskih avtohtonih pasem domačih živali
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Pokorn, Tina
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),
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Simčič, Mojca
(
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)
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Abstract
Slovenske avtohtone pasme so tiste pasme, ki so nastale na območju Republike Slovenije. Imamo 18 slovenskih avtohtonih pasem domačih živali, od katerih je 12 pasem rejnih živali, ki se jih uporablja za prehrano in kmetijstvo. Nekatere avtohtone pasme rejnih živali so ogrožene. Leta 2003 se je pričel voditi Register pasem z zootehniško oceno (2019). Do leta 2013 je Javna služba nalog genske banke v živinoreji stopnjo ogroženosti pasem rejnih živali določala v skladu s Pravilnikom o ohranjanju biotske raznovrstnosti v živinoreji (2020). Od leta 2014 dalje je v veljavi Pravilnik o spremembah Pravilnika za ohranjanje biotske raznovrstnosti v živinoreji (2014). V magistrskem delu smo analizirali predhodne in sedaj veljavne kriterije za ocenjevanje stopnje ogroženosti. Za vsako pasmo smo podatke o stopnji ogroženosti, velikosti populacije, številu plemenic in plemenjakov prikazali v grafični obliki. Podatke smo pridobili iz Registra pasem z zootehniško oceno (2019) za obdobje od leta 2003 do leta 2019. V tem obdobju se je stalež živali pri večini pasem povečal, vendar je zaradi posodobljenih kriterijev, končna stopnja ogroženosti večine pasem »kritična«. V letu 2019 je bila stopnja ogroženosti pri osmih slovenskih avtohtonih pasmah »kritična«, in sicer pri lipicanskem konju, slovenskem hladnokrvnem konju, posavskem konju, bovški ovci, belokranjski pramenki, istrski pramenki, drežniški kozi in kraškem ovčarju. Med avtohtonimi pasmami so imele tri pasme »ogroženo« stopnjo, in sicer cikasto govedo, štajerska kokoš in krškopoljski prašič. Jezersko-solčavska ovca je imela »ranljivo« stopnjo ogroženosti.
Language:
Slovenian
Keywords:
živinoreja
,
domače živali
,
avtohtone pasme
,
genska banka
,
rejski programi
,
ogroženost
Work type:
Master's thesis/paper
Organization:
BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Year:
2020
PID:
20.500.12556/RUL-122900
COBISS.SI-ID:
47576835
Publication date in RUL:
16.12.2020
Views:
1785
Downloads:
158
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:
POKORN, Tina, 2020,
Analiza kriterijev ogroženosti slovenskih avtohtonih pasem domačih živali
[online]. Master’s thesis. [Accessed 30 March 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=122900
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Language:
English
Title:
Analysis of risk status criteria for slovenian autochthonous breeds of domestic animals
Abstract:
Slovenian autochthonous breeds are those that originated in the territory of the Republic of Slovenia. We have 18 Slovenian autochthonous breeds of domestic animals, of which 12 are breeds of farm animals used for food and agriculture. Today some of our autochthonous breeds of farm animals are endangered. In the year 2003, the Register of breeds and zootechnical assessment (2019) was established. Until 2013, the Public service for Farm Animal Genetic Resources Conservation has estimated the level of endangerment of farm animals in accordance with the Rules on preserving biodiversity in livestock breeding (2020). Since 2014, the Rules on amendments to the Rules on preserving biodiversity in livestock breeding have been in force (2014). In the master's thesis we analyzed the previous and today valid endangerment criteria. For each breed the information for the level of endangerment, the population size, the number of female and male animals used for breeding were presented graphically. We obtained data from the Register of breeds and zootechnical assessment (2019) for the period from 2003 to 2019. During this period the populations increased in most breeds, but due to updated criteria, the final level of endangerment for most breeds is »critical«. In 2019, the level of endangerment in eight Slovenian autochthonous breeds was »critical«, namely the Lipizzan horse, the Slovenian cold blooded horse, the Posavje horse, the Bovec sheep, the Bela Krajina pramenka, the Istrian pramenka, the Drežnica goat and the Karst shepherd. Among the autochthonous breeds, three breeds had »endangered« level, namely Cika cattle, the Styrian hen and Krškopolje pig. The Jezersko-solčava sheep had »vulnerable« level of endangerment.
Keywords:
animal breeding
,
domestic animals
,
autochthonous breeds
,
gene bank
,
breeding programs
,
risk status
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