Evaluation of the dietary intake in patients on peritoneal dialysis is necessary for understanding of elevated phosphorus levels, as well as protein intake monitoring, which struggles to meet current dietary guidelines. 20 patients on peritoneal dialysis were randomly selected in Dialysis Centre of University Clinical Centre of Ljubljana, with the purpose to detect energy and nutritional intake, especially protein and phosphorus intake. A food propensity questionnaire has been carried out with three unannounced 24-hour dietary recalls per participant through a web-based application “OPEN” and picture book in three months period. Body composition was measured with bio-impedance spectroscopy and biochemical blood tests were performed. Average caloric intake of 20 patients was (25,6 ± 6,7) kcal/kg of body weight per day, dialysate included; average protein intake was (0,9 ± 0,3) g/kg body weight per day. They were inadequate according to the dietary recommendations for dialysis patients on peritoneal dialysis. Average intake of analysed micro-nutrients (K, P, Na) corresponds to the recommendations for dialysis patients which is surprising according to high levels of serum phosphorus (1,6 ± 0,4 mmol/L) and intact parathyroid hormone ((450 ± 393) ng/L). These levels are associated with hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Phosphorus intake was moderately to strongly correlated with the dietary energy intake (p = 0,0001). The correlation between dietary phosphorus intake and serum phosphorus was insignificant (p = 0,509). According to the dietary report, the intake of protein was 60% animal and 40% plant. The ratio of protein intake versus dietary phosphorus was (16 ± 3,6). Inorganic phosphates from additives were not detected due to a lack of information in the database.
|
