Vpliv podnebnih sprememb na erozivnost kamnin na območju Štajerske

Mlinarič, Špela (author), Verbovšek, Timotej (mentor), Čenčur Curk, Barbara (co-mentor)

Namen magistrske naloge je bil preučiti vpliv podnebnih sprememb na erozivnost kamnin. Karte srednjega letnega sproščanja tal sem izdelala s pomočjo geografskega informacijskega sistema, na podlagi modelov, ki predvidevajo spreminjanje temperature in padavin do konca 21. stoletja. Za izračun srednjega letnega sproščanja tal sem pridobila podatke o padavinah, temperaturah, naklonih, vegetacijski pokritosti in erodibilnosti tal. Erozija je v največji meri odvisna od sestave tal, naklona pobočij, načina obdelovanja zemljišč, moči vodnega toka in rastlinstva. Z računalniškim programom QGIS sem nato na podlagi Gavrilovićeve metode izrisala končno karto, ki predstavlja trenutno stanje sproščanja tal. Rezultati analize so pokazali, da je erozija na preučevanih območjih Haloz in Pohorja precej velika. Na podlagi podnebnih modelov, ki temeljijo na referenčnem obdobju 1981–2010, sem nato izrisala še karte glede na različne kombinacije sprememb temperature in padavin v prihodnosti. Namen dela je bil tudi analiza morebitnih razlik med sproščanjem tal na prej omenjenih območjih. Kljub temu da je povprečni naklon obeh območij skoraj enak, so vrednosti sproščanja tal na območju Haloz občutno višje. Haloze namreč pokrivajo predvsem klastične kamnine, ki so manj odporne na erozijo. V nasprotju s Halozami na Pohorju najdemo predvsem metamorfne kamnine, katerih trdnost in obstojnost je precej večja. Glede na skoraj gotovo povišanje temperature v prihodnosti lahko na obeh območjih pričakujemo le še višje vrednosti sproščanja tal. Sproščanje bo odvisno od tega, kateri podnebni scenarij padavin in temperature se bo v prihodnosti izkazal za najbolj pravilnega.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Erozija, Haloze, Pohorje, podnebne spremembe, Gavrilovićeva metoda, QGIS.
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-122397
• COBISS.SI-ID: 42706435
• Publication date in RUL: 09.12.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effect of climate change on erosion of rocks in Štajerska region, NE Slovenia

Abstract

The purpose of the master's thesis was to examine the effect of climate change on the erosivity of rocks. I generated maps of the mean annual soil release using a Geographic Information System according to models that predict changes in temperature and precipitation until the end of the 21st century. To calculate the mean annual soil release, I needed data on precipitation, temperatures, slopes, vegetation coverage and soil erodibility. Erosion is largely dependent on soil composition, slope, type of cultivating the land, strength of water flow and vegetation. Using the QGIS program and Gavrilović method, I then generated final maps, which represent the current status of soil release. The results of the analysis showed that the erosion in the investigated areas of Haloze and Pohorje is quite large. Based on climate models, built from the reference period 1981–2010, I also generated maps according to different combinations of temperature and precipitation changes in the future. The purpose of this was also to analyze potential differences between soil release in the aforementioned areas. Despite the fact that the average slope of both areas is almost equal, the values of soil release in the Haloze area are significantly higher than in the Pohorje area. The Haloze area is mainly covered with clastic rocks, which are less resistant to erosion. On the other hand, in the Pohorje area we find mainly metamorphic rocks, whose strength and durability are much higher. In view of the almost certain temperature rise in the future, we can only expect higher values of soil release in both areas. The release will depend on which climate scenario of precipitation and temperature proves to be the most accurate.

• Keywords: Erosion, Haloze, Pohorje, climate change, Gavrilović method, QGIS.