Introduction: UV radiation is a part of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun. Overexposure to UV radiation causes acute and chronic adverse effects on the skin, eyes and the immune system, and is the main factor for the development of skin cancer, which has been increasing in recent decades throughout the world. Purpose: To prepare a broader and scientific analytical review of scholarly literature on the effects of UV radiation on the human body and health, to explore the health education role of a nurse. To confirm the hypothesis that UV radiation harms the cells of the organism and causes skin cancer. Methods: In the diploma thesis, the descriptive method was used with a review of literature and meta-analysis. The time frame used in the literature search was from 2015 to 2020. The literature was searched in the Slovenian and English language in the CINAHL with full text, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, DiKul and Science Direct databases. Results: Cell carcinoma (BCC and SCC) is the most commonly diagnosed form of skin cancer. The main risk for its onset is UV radiation. Moreover, UV radiation causes ageing, changes in the immune response, leads to cell damage and to changes in DNA. UV radiation increases the chance of developing melanoma. Melanoma has a high rate of metastasis, even to the brain. The nurse warns people about adequate protection against harmful UV radiation, advises the use of creams with an appropriate protection factor, and teaches patients to self-examine skin changes and skin signs. Discussion and conclusion: Knowledge of risk factors significantly helps to prevent skin cancer. Sun-protective behaviour includes wearing long sleeves, wide-brim hats, staying in the shade, using sunscreen, and avoiding sun exposure between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. These protective measures reduce the incidence of melanoma. We should pay attention to the emergence of blemishes, moles or itchy spots on our skin. In the case of skin cancer, early diagnosis and treatment are essential.
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