Poznavanje smernic za telesno vadbo pri ženskah po porodu : magistrsko delo

Pušnik, Nina (author), Dolenc, Maja (mentor), Videmšek, Mateja (comentor)

Namen naše naloge je bil ugotoviti, kakšno je poznavanje smernic za vadbo pri ženskah po porodu. Pregledali smo obstoječo literaturo na to temo in smernice tudi predstavili. Za zbiranje podatkov smo uporabili spletni anketni vprašalnik 1ka, ki je zajemal 52 vprašanj. Podatke smo nato obdelali v računalniških programih Microsoft Excel 2016 in IBM SPSS Statistics 25. Spremenljivkam smo izračunali opisno statistiko, preverili normalnost porazdelitve s Shapiro-Wilkov testom, za primerjavo pred—po smo uporabili t-test za odvisne vzorce ali Wilcoxonov test, pri opisnih spremenljivkah pa hi-kvadrat test ali Fisherjev test. Vsa testiranja smo opravili pri stopnji tveganja 5 %. Ugotovili smo, da ženske dokaj dobro poznajo smernice za varno vadbo po porodu, kljub temu pa menijo, da od zdravstvenih delavcev niso dobile dovolj informacij o varni vadbi po porodu. Prav tako poznajo funkcijo MMD (mišic medeničnega dna) in vaje za krepitev le teh, vendar jih ne izvajajo redno. Zanimiva je bila ugotovitev, da so ženske po porodu bolj telesno dejavne kot pred nosečnostjo, kar se ne sklada s pregledano literaturo. To smo pripisali temu, da je pri ženskah v našem vzorcu v povprečju minilo eno leto od poroda, ko se otrok ne doji več tako pogosto, zaradi česar ima ženska več časa in energije za ukvarjanje s telesno dejavnostjo. Izsledki naše raziskave bodo lahko v pomoč vsem trenerjem in vaditeljem, ki se pri vadbah srečujejo z ženskami, kot tudi vsem mladim mamicam, ki ne vedo, kako po porodu ponovno pričeti z redno telesno dejavnostjo. Smernice, ki smo jih povzeli, pa so prav tako koristne za vsako žensko v rodni dobi.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: poporodna vadba, MMD, pourperij, razmik preme trebušne mišice
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-121807
• COBISS.SI-ID: 57240835
• Publication date in RUL: 31.10.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Knowledge of exercise guidelines among postpartum women

Abstract

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the knowledge of exercise guidelines among postpartum women. We also reviewed the existing guidelines and presented them in this study. We collected the data by means of the online questionnaire platform 1ka, using a total of 52 questions. We used the Microsoft Excel 2016 and IBM SPSS Statistics 25 computer programs to analyse our data. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all variables, the normality of the distribution was checked with the Shapiro-Wilk test, the pre- and post-comparisons were calculated with the t-test for dependent samples and the Wilcoxon test, and the descriptive variables were compared using a chi-squared test or the Fisher test. All tests were performed at a risk level of 5 %. We found out that women have the knowledge of the guidelines for safe postpartum exercise, although there are certain gaps. Nevertheless, they believe they did not get enough information about safe postpartum exercise from health professionals. They also have knowledge about PFM (pelvic floor muscles) and the related strengthening exercises, however, they do not perform them regularly. We also found that the knowledge of the guidelines does not depend on the place of residence. We were surprised by the finding that women are more physically active postpartum than before pregnancy, which is inconsistent with the reviewed literature. We attributed this to the fact that, in our sample of women, an average of 1 year has passed since birth, meaning that their babies are no longer nursed as frequently and that the mothers have time and energy for indulging in physical activity. The average postpartum retention weight in our sample was 3.83 kg, which is substantially more than the 0.5 kg reported by Mottola (2003). The findings of our study will be useful for all coaches and trainers who encounter women in their training sessions, and also for all young mothers who seek information and do not know how to start exercising after having a baby. The guidelines summarized herein will also be beneficial for all women who are in their fertile years.

• Keywords: postpartum exercise, PFM, postnatal period, rectus abdominis diastasis