Psihična priprava pacienta z duševno motnjo na operativni poseg : diplomsko delo

Tomažin, Timotej (author), Peterka Novak, Jožica (mentor), Lapanja, Aljoša (co-mentor), Pađen, Ljubiša (reviewer)

Uvod: Predoperativna psihična priprava pacienta z duševno motnjo ali z akutno duševno stisko je zelo pomemben element priprave na operativni poseg, saj so ti pacienti že zaradi samega operativnega posega pod velikim stresom, imajo strahove, poleg tega pa jih pri tem ovira še njihova bolezen. Zaradi prisotnosti pacientove stiske je potrebno poudariti pomen kakovostne psihične priprave in strokovno znanje medicinske sestre pri pripravi pacienta z duševno motnjo na operativni poseg. Medicinska sestra ima v predoperativnem obdobju veliko stika s pacientom, zato ima pri tem pomembno vlogo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti pomen psihične priprave pacienta z duševno motnjo na operativni poseg. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda raziskovalnega dela, in sicer pregled domače in tuje literature. Iskanje znanstvenih in strokovnih člankov je potekalo po tujih elektronskih bazah podatkov (Medline, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, CINAHL). Dostop do teh smo pridobili s pomočjo oddaljenega dostopa digitalne knjižnice Univerze v Ljubljani (DiKUL). Literaturo v slovenskem jeziku smo pridobili z iskanjem po svetovnem spletu in bibliografskem sistemu COBISS.SI. Rezultati: Ugotovili smo, da je psihična priprava izrednega pomena že pri pripravi pacienta brez pridruženih težav na področju duševnega zdravja na operativni poseg, še toliko bolj pa je ta pomembna pri pacientu z duševno motnjo ali z akutno duševno stisko, ki jo lahko doživlja, zaradi strahu pred operacijo. Pri tem je terapevtska komunikacija ključna aktivnost zdravstvene nege. Poleg tega smo ugotovili, da imajo operacijske medicinske sestre in medicinske sestre zaposlene na kirurških oddelkih premalo znanja in spretnosti za delo s pacientom z duševno motnjo. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati kažejo, da je to področje pogosto prezrto in da se temu še ne posveča posebne pozornosti. Pokazalo se je, da je ključnega pomena terapevtska komunikacija, ki medicinski sestri omogoča, da s pacientom lažje zgradi zaupen odnos, ki ima pomembno vlogo pri sodelovanju pacienta v času obravnave. Pregled literature je dokazal, da kakovost terapevtske komunikacije vpliva na boljše in hitrejše okrevanje ter manj pooperativnih zapletov.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, duševno zdravje, terapevtska komunikacija, predoperativna priprava, medicinske sestre, operacijska zdravstvena nega
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [T. Tomažin]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 37 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-121798
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 34942211
• Publication date in RUL: 30.10.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Psychological preparation of a patient with mental disorder for surgery : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Preoperative mental preparation of patients with a mental disorder or acute mental illness for operation is an important element, as these patients are already under much stress and experience fear before surgical procedure, so their illness presents another obstacle in preparation for surgery. The importance of quality mental preparation and specialised knowledge of nurses on how to prepare patients with a mental disorder on a surgical procedure must also be stressed. Nurses spend much time with patients in the preoperative period, so they assume a very significant role. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to present the significance of mental preparation of patients with a mental disorder on surgical procedure. Methods: In thesis, the descriptive research method was used – narrative review of Slovene and foreign literature. Academic and professional articles were found in foreign electronic databases (Medline, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, CINAHL). The databases were accessed remotely through the Digital Library of the University of Ljubljana (DiKUL). The literature written in the Slovene language was obtained through Internet search and bibliographic database COBISS.SI. Results: We determined that mental preparation for surgical procedure is essential in patients without other problems associated to mental health; evidently, it is even more important for patients with a mental disorder or acute mental illness, which patients can experience because they are afraid of the procedure. For these patients, therapeutic communication is the key healthcare activity. Furthermore, we determined that operating nurses and nurses employed in the department of surgery lack knowledge and skills required to work with patients with a mental disorder. Discussion and conclusion: The results show that this field is usually overlooked and not devoted enough attention. It was determined that therapeutic communication is essential, as it allows nurses to establish a trusting relationship with patients more easily, which also encourages patients to cooperate in the treatment. The literature review showed that the quality of therapeutic communication results in better and faster recovery of patients and reduces the number of postoperative complications.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, mental health, therapeutic communication, preoperative preparation, nurses, perioperative nursing care