Kontaminacija podplatov obutve laboratorijskih delavcev s sporami bakterije Clostridioides difficile

Ogrizek, Ema (author), Starčič Erjavec, Marjanca (mentor), Janežič, Sandra (co-mentor)

Clostridioides difficile je anaerobna, sporogena, po Gramu pozitivna bakterija, ki proizvaja toksine. Prenaša se po fekalno-oralni poti, in je ena izmed pomembnejših črevesnih patogenih bakterij. C. difficile tvori spore, ki so zelo odporne na neugodne razmere. Okužba s C. difficile se najpogosteje pojavlja pri hospitaliziranih bolnikih. V zadnjem desetletju pa se pojavlja veliko izven bolnišničnih okužb pri zdravih osebah. Spore C. difficile najdemo v vodi, prsti, parkih, gospodinjstvih, hrani, v živalskih vzorcih, ter na podplatih obuval v domačem in bolnišničnem okolju. Namen magistrskega dela je bilo preveriti kontaminacijo obutve laboratorijskih delavcev s sporami C. difficile, in primerjati PCR-ribotipe s PCR-ribotipi, izoliranimi iz kužnin, iz diagnostičnega laboratorija, v istem časovnem obdobju. Vzorčili smo podplate samo laboratorijskih obuval in podplate domačih obuval, tistih, s katerimi pridejo na delovno mesto, jih bodisi pustijo v garderobi ali pa jih imajo obute tudi tekom dela v laboratoriju. Izolatom iz podplatov in kužnin smo določili PCR-ribotip. Izolate iz podplatov smo tudi toksinotipizirali. Bakterijo C. difficile smo izolirali iz 4 vzorcev podplatov. Vsi pozitivni vzorci so bili podplati nelaboratorijskih obuval. Iz štirih vzorcev smo osamili 31 izolatov in jih uvrstili v 3 različne PCR-ribotipe, dva izmed teh sta bila toksigena in sta pripadala toksinotipu 0. Samo en PCR-ribotip iz podplatov je bil enak, kot smo ga našli tudi pri izolatih iz kužnin, to je 014/020. Naši rezultati se ne skladajo s prejšnjimi raziskavami, saj je bila bakterija C. difficile na podplatih nelaboratorijskih obuval prisotna v nižjem deležu, na podplatih laboratorijskih obuval pa C. difficile nismo našli. Kljub temu pa lahko sklepamo, da so podplati obuval lahko potencialni vektor za raznos spor med različnimi okolji

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: patogene bakterije, Clostridioides difficile, laboratoriji, kontaminacija obutve, vzorci podplatov, molekularna karakterizacija, PCR-ribotipizacija, toksinotipizacija
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [E. Ogrizek]
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-121317
• UDC: 579.852.13:685.343.2/.4:577.2.083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 32575235
• Publication date in RUL: 04.10.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Contamination of shoe soles of the laboratory workers with Clostridioides difficile spores

Abstract

Clostridioides difficile is an anaerobic, sporogenic, Gram positive, toxin-producing bacterium and is one of the major intestinal pathogenic bacteria, with transmission occurring primarily via the faecal-oral route. Infection with C. difficile occurs primarily in hospitalised patients and is mediated by the formation of bacterial spores, which are highly resistant to environmental conditions. The C. difficile spores can be found in water, soil, parks, households, food, in animal samples and on the shoe soles in the home and laboratory environment. The significant increase in the number of community-associated infections in the past 10 years requires elucidation of C. difficile spore localisation to support transmission prevention. Thus, this study aims to determine the contamination of shoe soles with C. difficile spores and to compare PCR-ribotypes from shoe soles with PCR-ribotypes isolated in a diagnostic laboratory from patients with C. difficile infections in the same period of time. Shoe sole samples were collected from both laboratory and private shoes, which were either left in the locker room, or have been used for working inside the laboratories. PCR-ribotyping and toxinotyping were used for molecular characterization of isolates from shoe soles, and only PCR-ribotyping for the isolates from patients. In total, C. difficile was isolated from 4 shoe sole samples, all of which were collected from the worker's private shoes. Additionally, out of the 4 samples, 31 bacterial isolates were detected and classified into 3 different PCR-ribotypes, two of which were toxigenic and belonged to toxinotype 0. Interestingly, only one PCR-ribotype, 014/020, was the same as those isolated from patients with C. difficile infection. In contrast to previous work C. difficile was present in lower percentages on shoe soles from home environment and was not found on soles of the laboratory shoes. However, we conclude that the shoe soles serve as a potential vector for spore dissemination and transmission between different environments.

• Keywords: pathogenic bacteria, Clostridioides difficile, laboratories, contamination of shoes, shoe sole samples, molecular characterization, PCR-ribotyping, toxinotyping