Pomen karnitina v prehrani živali

Markoja, Sanja (author), Salobir, Janez (mentor)

Aktivna oblika karnitina je L-karnitin. To je vitaminu podobna snov, ki lajša prenos dolgoverižnih maščobnih kislin preko mitohondrija, kjer poteka β-oksidacija maščobnih kislin, ki so pomemben vir za proizvodnjo energije. Običajno je količina L-karnitina, ki v organizmu nastaja z biosintezo zadostna. O dodajanju L-karnitina kot prehranskega dodatka je smiselno premisliti predvsem takrat, ko živali niso zmožne pokriti visokih potreb po energiji. To se po navadi zgodi med brejostjo in laktacijo, ali kadar so živali v vročinskem ali prehransko povzročenem stresu. Na podlagi pregledanih raziskav se je dodajanje L-karnitina zaradi največ koristnih učinkov pokazalo najbolj učinkovito pri svinjah, saj ugodno vpliva tako na svinje kot na pujske, poveča preživitveno sposobnost pujskov in izboljša proizvodnost svinj. Dodatni L-karnitin je primeren tudi za rastoče pitovne piščance, saj dodajanje izboljša β-oksidacijo maščobnih kislin in posledično zmanjša zamaščenost trupov. Nesnicam je smiselno dodajati L-karnitin v pozni starosti, ko je lastna sinteza L-karnitina zmanjšana. Vsebnost karnitina v rastlinah je v primerjavi z živalskimi izdelki manjša, zato se dodajanje L-karnitina priporoča tudi prežvekovalcem. Pregled raziskav dodajanja L-karnitina v krmo kravam molznicam in drobnici kaže, da lahko dodatni L-karnitin prepreči ali zmanjša nevarnost pojava zamaščenih jeter.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: prehrana živali, prehranski dodatki, karnitin
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-120650
• COBISS.SI-ID: 29790467
• Publication date in RUL: 24.09.2020

MARKOJA, Sanja, 2020, Pomen karnitina v prehrani živali [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. [Accessed 26 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=120650

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Importance of carnitine in animal nutrition

Abstract

The active form of carnitine is L-carnitine. This is a vitamin-like substance that facilitates the transfer of long-chain fatty acids through the mitochondria, where β-oxidation of fatty acids, which are an important source for energy production takes place. Usually, the amount of L-carnitine produced in body through biosynthesis is sufficient. It makes sense to consider of supplementary L-carnitine as a dietary supplement when animals are not able to cover high energy needs. This usually happens during gestation and lactation, or when the animals are under heat or nutritional stress. Based on the reviewed research, dietary L-carnitine has been shown to have the most beneficial effects in sows, as it has a beneficial effect on piglets, as it increases the viability of piglets and improves pig productivity. Additional L-carnitine is also suitable for broilers, as the addition improves β-oxidation of fatty acids and consequently reduces the fat content of broiler carcasses. It also makes sense to add dietary L-carnitine to laying hens at higher ages, when their own L-carnitine synthesis is reduced. The L-carnitine content in plants is lower compared to animal products, so the addition of L-carnitine is also recommended for ruminants. From attempts to add L-carnitine to dairy cows and small ruminants, we found that additional L-carnitine can prevent or reduce the possibility of fatty liver.

• Keywords: animal nutrition, dietary supplements, carnitine