Zdravstveni status in poškodbe bivših vrhunskih športnikov : magistrsko delo

Drole, Kristina (author), Doupona, Mojca (mentor), Gregov, Cvita (co-mentor)

Raziskave kažejo, da poškodbe vodijo k izostanku iz trenažnega procesa/tekmovanj in končanju športne kariere. Trenutne razpoložljive strukturne in organizacijske pobude ne ustrezajo potrebam športnikov, ko se spopadajo z različnimi izzivi na več ravneh, ki so značilni za dvojno kariero. Kaže se dodatna potreba po podpornih storitvah s poudarkom na preprečevanju poškodb in rehabilitaciji le-teh. Namen dela je bil ugotoviti zdravstveni status in značilnosti športne kariere bivših vrhunskih športnikov. V študijo je bilo vključenih 65 bivših slovenskih vrhunskih športnikov iz 24 različnih športov, starih med 19 in 65 let. Podatke smo pridobili s pomočjo vprašalnika o končanju športne kariere (SCTQ-II), rezultati pa so bili obdelani s programom SPSS. Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna statistika, analiza variance, Hi-kvadrat test ter Pearsonov in Cramerjev koeficient korelacije. Obravnavane so bile naslednje skupine spremenljivk: socialno-demografske značilnosti, zdravstveni status, značilnosti športne kariere in zaključka kariere ter športnikove podporne storitve. Rezultati kažejo, da je športna poškodba eden izmed pomembnih dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na konec kariere. Ugotovili smo, da obstajajo statistično značilne razlike v razlogih za konec športne kariere glede na spol, starost in izobrazba pa imata vpliv na konec kariere. Dodatno smo ugotovili, da imajo športniki, ki prejemajo več podpornih storitev na področju zdravja, več znanja o preprečevanju poškodb. Potrebna je interdisciplinarna obravnava poškodovanih športnikov, da bi poiskali alternative in se izognili upokojitvi zaradi poškodbe. Priporočamo natančno spremljanje športnikov med in po koncu njihove športne kariere ter sodelovanje podpornega osebja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: dvojna kariera, vrhunski šport, zdravstveni status, poškodbe, konec športne kariere
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-119896
• COBISS.SI-ID: 30918915
• Publication date in RUL: 13.09.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Health status and injuries of former elite athletes

Abstract

There is a lot of evidence showing that injuries lead to absence from training or competition and ultimately termination of a career. Current structure and organisation initiatives do not fit the need of athletes when they are faced with different challenges during their dual career. There is a need for better support services with an emphasis on injury prevention and rehabilitation. The purpose of this master's thesis was to identify the health status of former elite athletes and the characteristics of their sport careers. The sample included 65 former elite Slovenian athletes from 24 different disciplines, aged between 19 and 65 years. We acquired the data with the help of a Sport Career Termination Questionnaire (SCTQ-II). The data was processed with SPSS software. We used descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-squared test and Pearson and Cramer correlation coefficients. We analysed the following groups of variables: demographics, health status, sport career characteristics, sport career termination characteristics and athletes' support services. The results show that sports injuries are an important factor influencing the termination of an athlete's career. We discovered that there are statistically significant differences in reasons for career termination that depend on gender, age and education. We also discovered that athletes who receive better medical support also gain better knowledge in injury prevention. There is a need for an interdisciplinary approach to injured athletes to find alternatives and avoid injury-caused retirement. We recommend meticulous monitoring of athletes during their careers, as well as after their retirement. We also recommend close cooperation between medical and coaching staff.

• Keywords: dual career, elite sport, health status, injuries, sport career termination