Prehod iz kliničnega v domače okolje po poškodbi hrbtenjače - študiji primera na Nizozemskem in v Sloveniji : diplomsko delo

Maučec, Laura (author), Marušič, Vita (mentor), Sicherl, Zorana (reviewer)

Uvod: Travmatska poškodba hrbtenjače je ena izmed najbolj pretresljivih nesreč, ki posledice pusti ne le pri posamezniku, ampak predstavlja tudi velikansko ekonomsko breme za družino in družbo. S primerno oskrbo, ni nujno, da okvara hrbtenjače postane terminalno stanje, ali pa da prepreči posamezniku dostop do izobrazbe, pridobitve zaposlitve, ustvarjanja družine in do uspešnega in produktivnega življenja. Namen: Primerjava dveh primerov obravnave oseb po travmatski poškodbi hrbtenjače, na Nizozemskem in v Sloveniji. Namen je ugotoviti, ali in kako se razlikujeta vlogi delovnega terapevta v procesu rehabilitacije v teh dveh državah ter kako je delovni terapevt vključen v procesa prehoda uporabnika iz kliničnega v domače okolje. Namen je tudi ugotoviti, kakšna je uporabniška izkušnja uporabnikov v delovni terapiji. Metode dela: Izvedena sta bila dva pol-strukturirana intervjuja, katerima je sledila kvalitativna vsebinska analiza z uporabo induktivnega in deduktivnega pristopa. Prvi je bil uporabljen za določanje osebnostnih in okolijskih dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na uporabnikovo okupacijo izvedbo. Drugi pa za analizo uporabnikov občutenj in mnenj o procesu in vlogi delovne terapije. Ugotovitve so bile primerjane z ugotovitvami iz pregleda literature. Za iskanje literature so bile uporabljene baze DiKul, Google Scholar in DiZ. Rezultati: Razlika v vlogi delovne terapije v klinični rehabilitaciji med državami ni velika. Na Nizozemskem rehabilitacija poteka dlje, na račun tega, da se že v času rehabilitacije lahko prilagodi uporabnikovo domače okolje. V Sloveniji se prisotnost delovnega terapevta zaključi ob odpustu iz rehabilitacijskega okolja, medtem ko na Nizozemskem delovni terapevt nato aktivno sodeluje pri prilagajanju domačega okolja in testiranju ali so prilagoditve smiselne in v uporabnikovem kontekstu. Uporabniška izkušnja je v splošnem dobra, primanjkuje le psihološke in informacijske podpore. Razprava in zaključek: Vloga delovne terapije je med državama podobna, a hkrati različna. Na Nizozemskem je ekonomska in politična ureditev procesa prehoda v domače okolje boljša in ureja tudi vlogo delovnega terapevtu v njem. V Sloveniji se pojavlja potreba po razširitvi stroke na tem področju, s čimer bi se izboljšala tudi uporabniška izkušnja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, poškodba hrbtenjače, PEOP-model, rehabilitacija, prilagoditve okolja
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [L. Maučec]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 44 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-119852
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 30030083
• Publication date in RUL: 12.09.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Transition from clinical to home environment after spinal cord injury - case studies in the Netherlands and Slovenia : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Traumatic spinal cord injury is one of the most shocking injuries, that leaves consequences not only with the individual, but presents a huge economic burden for family and society. With the appropriate health care, the injury does not need to be terminal or prevent access to education, finding work, creating a family or to live a long, meaningful and productive life. Purpose: To compare the roles of occupational therapist in rehabilitation between the Slovenia and the Netherlands and what is the role in the process of transition from clinical to home environment. Furthermore, we want to explore individual's user experience with occupational therapy. Methods: Two semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed through a qualitative analysis. Inductive and deductive coding was used. The first was used to determine intrinsic and extrinsic factors that affect individuals’ occupations and occupational performance. The second coding was used to analyse individual's and experience with occupational therapy. Findings were compared to those from the literature review. Searching engines DiKul, Google Scholar and DiZ were used. Results: There are no major differences between the occupational therapy treatments in Slovenia and the Netherlands. In the Netherlands, the rehabilitation lasts longer, mainly so the home environment can be adapted by the time the individual is dismissed from the clinic. By doing so, the need for additional treatments in the future reduces. In Slovenia, occupational therapists are no longer involved as soon as the person leaves the hospital. In the Netherlands however, occupational therapists help individuals’ transition to the home environment and visit them to discuss any additional modifications and to see whether those applied are in the individual's context. The user's experience is good in both countries but there is a crucial need for better psychological and informational support. Discussion and conclusion: The role of occupational therapist is similar yet quite different between the countries. The Netherlands have incomparably better economic and political regulations when it comes to the process of transitioning from clinical to home environment which also regulates the role of and occupational therapists. In Slovenia, the need for more specialists in this area is growing.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, spinal cord injury, rehabilitation, PEOP-model, home modifications