Introduction: Pregnancy and delivery are significant processes that can have a significant impact on maternal health and newborn wellbeing. Preeclampsia, which may occur during pregnancy may influence both maternal and fetal future health outcomes even after delivery. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma work is to present preeclampsia in pregnancy and its consequences, describe the risk factors and prevention measures for preeclampsia. Methods: A descriptive method was used to review domestic and foreign scientific literature about preeclampsia in pregnancy, its causes and prevention measures, published between 2015 and 2020. The literature was found in PubMed database, Google Scholar and COBISS, joint catalog of Slovenian libraries. Results: Preeclampsia is a cardiovascular disease with many risk factors. The most common include first pregnancy, chronic hypertension, history of preeclampsia, interval between pregnancies. Other risk factors are: type 1 or type 2 diabetes, antiphospholipid syndrome, arterial hypertension, obesity, age and, last but not least, multiple pregnancy. A vital sign monitoring plan, regular medical treatment, and self-care are key prevention measures for preeclampsia. Women should be self-motivated during pregnancy and collaborative with medical staff while performing regular blood pressure measurements, tests, nutrition plan and weight before, during and after pregnancy as well as consultation regarding appropriate age and time to conceive. Discussion and conclusion: Pregnancy is a process that requires a lifestyle change, which includes effective stress management, regular physical activity, taking supplements and medications (e.g. aspirin) if recommended by the doctor.
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