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Določanje topnosti kalijevega hidrogentartrata
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Zlatevska, Verica
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),
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Kočar, Drago
(
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)
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Abstract
V diplomskem delu sem se ukvarjala z določitvijo topnosti kalijevega hidrogentartrata (KHT) v vodi in v 12,5 % (V/V) raztopini etanola. Analizirala sem topnost čistega KHT in topnost KHT, iz belega in rdečega vinskega kamna, pri sobni temperaturi, 30 °C, 40 °C in 50 °C. Za določitev topnosti čistega KHT in KHT iz vinskega kamna belega vina sem uporabljala klasično nevtralizacijsko titracijo s fenolftaleinom, za KHT iz rdečega vinskega kamna pa potenciometrično nevtralizacijsko titracijo s kombinirano stekleno elektrodo. Titrirala sem z 0,05 in 0,07 M raztopino natrijevega hidroksida. Vse meritve sem ovrednotila in iz končnih volumnov izračunala topnost kalijevega hidrogentartrata. Rezultati so pokazali, da topnost kalijevega hidrogentartrata narašča z naraščajočo temperaturo. V prisotnosti etanola se topnost zmanjšuje, zato so vsebnost KHT in K+ ioni v vinu regulirani. Vsebnost samega kalijevega hidrogentartratav vinskem kamnu belega vina je okrog 95 %. Nečistoče, ki so v belem vinskem kamnu, ne vplivajo na topnost kalijevega hidrogentartrata. Topnost KHT iz belega vinskega kamna je zato praktično enaka topnosti čistega KHT. Ugotovila sem, da je vsebnost KHT v rdečem vinskem kamnu manjša v primerjavi z belim vinskim kamnom in znaša okrog 85 %. Topnost kalijevega hidrogentartrata iz vinskega kamna rdečega vina v vodi, zaradi večje vsebnost nečistoč, je manjša kot topnost čistega KHT in KHT iz vinskega kamna belega vina. Zaradi vsebnosti nečistoč sem realne vzorce očistila z navadno prekristalizacijo in prekristalizacijo z uporabo aktivnega oglja. Ugotovila sem, da je prekristalizacija z uporabo aktivnega oglja bolj učinkovita v primerjavi z navadno prekristalizacijo.
Language:
Slovenian
Keywords:
topnost
,
vinski kamen
,
kalijev hidrogentartrat
,
titracija
,
prekristalizacija
Work type:
Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:
2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:
FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Year:
2020
PID:
20.500.12556/RUL-118703
COBISS.SI-ID:
26762755
Publication date in RUL:
31.08.2020
Views:
1327
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146
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Secondary language
Language:
English
Title:
Determination of solubility of potassium hydrogen tartrate
Abstract:
This diploma describes the solubility of potassium bitartrate in water and 12.5 % (V/V) solution of ethanol. I analysed the solubility of clean KHT and KHT from the wine stones from the white and red wines at room temperature, 30, 40 and 50 ̊C. To determine the solubility of clean KHT and of KHT from the white wine stone I used neutralising titration with phenolphthalein. In order to determine the solubility of KHT of wine stones from the red wine I combined the reaction of neutralization with potentiometric titration with a combined glass electrode. I used 0,05 and 0,07 M NaOH solutions, evaluated every measurement and calculated the solubility from the volumes in the end points. The results showed that the solubility of potassium bitartrate increases when the increasing temperature. In ethanol the solubility decreases which is the reason why the concentration of K+ ions and KHT is regulated in wine. The quantity of KHT in a white wine stone is around 95%. The impurities of the white wine stone do not affect the solubility of KHT. The solubility of KHT in the white wine stone is practically the same as the solubility of the clean KHT. I concluded that the quantity of KHT in the red wine stone is 85 %. Due to the large amounts of impurities the solubility of KHT in the red wine stone in water is smaller. Each real sample has been cleaned with regular recrystallisation and with active carbon recrystallisation. Experiments showed that the combination with active carbon gives better results.
Keywords:
solubility
,
titration
,
wine stone
,
potassium hydrogentartrate
,
potassium bitartrate
,
recrystallisation
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