Izboljšanje kakovosti v podjetjih za proizvodnjo jekla z uvajanjem LCA analize, kot osnova za Okoljsko oznako tipa III

Iskra, Matic (author), Kramar, Davorin (mentor), Kosec, Borut (co-mentor)

V magistrskem delu je predstavljena teorija ter izvedba LCA analize, ki jo opredeljujejo standardi od ISO 14040 do ISO 14049. Kot ena izmed možnih izpeljav iz analize LCA, ki v podjetju za izdelavo jekla še ni bila izkoriščena, je pridobitev Okoljske oznake tipa III, ki jo opredeljuje standard ISO 14025. Okoljske oznake tipa III, v magistrskem delu predstavljena na primeru Okoljske deklaracije proizvoda (EPD), količinsko ovrednotijo okoljske vplive v življenjskem ciklu izdelka z namenom primerjave med izdelki, ki imajo enako funkcijo. Delo je osnovano na LCA študiji od zibelke do vrat avstenitnega nerjavnega jekla (EN 1.4301, AISI 304) v obliki toplo valjanih trakov. Za potrebe EPD so bila izbrana ustrezna pravila za kategorije proizvoda (PCR), ki omogočajo primerjanje EPD deklaracij različnih proizvodov med seboj. S tem je bilo mogoče izvesti EPD od zibelke do vrat vključujoč osnovne surovine, transport do proizvodnje ter proizvodnjo. Potreba po primarni energiji ter viri za proizvodnjo so ločeno ovrednoteni kot obnovljivi in neobnovljivi. Vplivi življenjskega cikla so prikazani kot potencial zakisljevanja, potencial evtrofikacije, potencial globalnega segrevanja in potencial fotokemičnega nastajanja ozona. Izsledki so predstavljeni v obliki stolpčnih diagramov z relativnim deležem vpliva surovin, energije, proizvodnje od vrat do vrat, vstopnega recikliranega ogljičnega jekla in transporta. Dodatno je ponazorjen doprinos posameznih surovin k vplivu na okolje.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Analiza življenjskega cikla, Okoljska oznaka tipa III, okoljska deklaracija proizvoda, avstenitno nerjavno jeklo, toplo valjani trakovi, jeklarska industrija.
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Iskra]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: XXII, 62 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-118653
• UDC: 669.18:658.56:502/504(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 27798275
• Publication date in RUL: 29.08.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Application of LCA as Quality Improvement Tool in Steel Making Company as a Base for Type III Environmental Declaration

Abstract

Theory and application of Life cycle analysis (LCA), described in standards ISO 14040 to ISO 14049, has been presented. Furthermore, based on LCA which was applied to steel making company, study and application of Type III environmental declaration, described in standard ISO 14025, was implemented. Type III environmental declarations, in our case referred to as Environmental product declarations (EPD) quantify environmental information on the life cycle of a product to support comparisons between products performing the same function. Initially, cradle to gate LCA study of austenitic stainless steel (EN 1.4301, AISI 304) in form of hot rolled coil was performed. Moreover, for the purpose of EPD, product category rules (PCR) for comparability purpose of EPD were selected. Finally, cradle to gate Environmental product declaration was created covering raw material supply, transport to manufacturer and manufacturing. Primary energy demand and resources are quantified separately as renewable and non-renewable. Environmental impacts were expressed in form of acidification potential, eutrophication potential, global warming potential and photochemical ozone creation potential. Within the EPD, data is presented by means of column chart with relative share of resources, energy, gate to gate, carbon steel scrap and transport. Additionally, contribution to impact of alloys is shown.

• Keywords: life cycle assessment, type III environmental declaration, environmental product declaration, austenitic stainless steel, hot rolled coil, steel industry.