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Določanje napak pri nevtralizacijskih titracijah
ID Maček, Jerneja (Author), ID Kočar, Drago (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window

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Abstract
S spremljanjem vrednosti pH in opazovanjem barvne spremembe sem določala končno točko nevtralizacijskih titracij s šestimi različnimi indikatorji. Izračunala sem napake izvedenih titracij in jih grafično predstavila na različnih titracijskih krivuljah. Meritve opravljenih kislinsko-baznih titracij se v veliki meri ujemajo s teoretičnimi dejstvi. Najpogosteje so bile prisotne osebne, instrumentalne, naključne napake ali napake metod. Osebne napake so barvna slepota, nepravilno odčitan volumen z birete ali pipete. Instrumentale napake vključujejo kontaminiran inventar ter nepravilno uporabo steklovine. Napake metod zajemajo napačno izbiro indikatorjev in uporabo nečistih kemikalij. Naključne napake pa so posledica spremembe vlažnosti, temperature ali svetlobe v laboratoriju. Pri titracijah, kjer sem titrirala šibko kislino ali bazo, so bile napake večje kot pri močnih kislinah in bazah. Na nekatere napake lahko vplivamo in jih minimiziramo z različnimi tehnikami, druge pa niso posledica človeškega faktorja in nanje ne moremo vplivati.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:napaka, titracija, indikator, kislina, baza
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Year:2020
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-118584 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:27424003 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:27.08.2020
Views:982
Downloads:154
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Determination of errors in neutralization titrations
Abstract:
The endpoint of the neutralization titrations was determined, by measuring the pH value and observing the colour change, with six different indicators. Using measurements and computer models I calculated the titration errors and plotted them on different titration curves. The measurements of the acid-base titrations largely agree with the theoretical facts. The most frequent errors are personal, instrumental, random and method errors. Personal errors are colour blindness, incorrect reading of volumes from burettes or pipettes. Instrumental errors include contaminated inventory and improper use of glassware. Methodological errors include incorrect selection of indicators and the use of contaminated chemicals. Random errors are caused by changes in laboratory humidity, temperature or light. Errors were more significant in titrations with weekly acids and bases than in titrations where I used stronger acids and bases. We can influence and minimize some errors, but some are not due to the human factor and we have no influence on them.

Keywords:error, titration, indicator, acid, base

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