Javna podjetja s posebnimi ali izključnimi pravicami v konkurenčnopravni ureditvi EU : (magistrsko diplomsko delo)

Logar, Jurij (author), Podobnik, Klemen (mentor)

Javna podjetja s posebnimi ali izključnimi pravicami v konkurenčnopravni ureditvi EU Države članice Evropske unije imajo pravico do svobodnega urejanja lastninskopravnih razmerji znotraj države. Podelitev izključnih in posebnih pravic je eden izmed glavnih inštrumentov urejanja trga držav članic. S podelitvijo teh pravic zakonodajalec poseže v nevidno roko trga in določena podjetja postavi v privilegiran položaj nasproti ostalim konkurentom. Pravila o podeljevanju posebnih in izključnih pravic ureja 106. člen Pogodbe o delovanju Evropske unije. Podelitev posebnih in izključnih pravic ni omejena na izključno zasebna podjetja, temveč se te pravice lahko podelijo tudi javnim podjetjem. V primeru obeh, torej zasebnih in javnih podjetji morajo biti spoštovana pravila konkurenčnega prava Evropske unije, teh se je moč izogniti, le če je bilo podjetje pooblaščeno za izvajanje storitev v splošnem gospodarskem interesu, oziroma če ima podjetje dohodkovni monopol, in bi konkurenčna pravila ovirala izvajanje posebnih nalog, ki so jim bile dodeljene. V takšnem primeru se zahteva tudi, da razvoj trgovine ne sme biti prizadet v takšnem obsegu, ki bi bil v nasprotji z interesi Unije. Spori v zvezi s podelitvijo posebnih ali izključnih pravic nastajajo tudi zaradi definiranja teh podelitev kot dodelitev prednosti v smislu pravil o državnih pomočeh in opredelitvijo, ali gre v primeru določenega ukrepa za državno pomoč, kot je to opredeljeno v 107. členu Pogodbe o delovanju Evropske unije. V magistrskem diplomskem delu želim prikazati in analizirati sistem podeljevanja izključnih in posebnih pravic javnim podjetjem. S tem namenom bodo predstavljeni pojmi javnih podjetji, javnih služb, izključnih in posebnih pravic, storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena in državne pomoči v povezavi s podelitvijo izključnih in posebnih pravic, ki so podprti s sodno prakso Sodišča Evropske unije. Poleg tega so v nalogi prikazani pogoji z zadeve Altmark, ki se uporabljajo za ugotovitev, ali gre v določeni zadevi za državno pomoč ali ne. V sklepnem delu magistrsko diplomskega dela bom povzel naslovno tematiko in njene učinke na konkurenčnopravno politiko Evropske unije.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Posebne in izključne pravice, storitve splošnega gospodarskega pomena, javna podjetja, državna pomoč, konkurenčno pravo Evropske unije
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [J. Logar]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 55 f.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-117781
• UDC: 346.54(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 26862339
• Publication date in RUL: 25.07.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Public undertakings with special or exclusive rights within EU competition law

Abstract

Public undertakings with special or exclusive rights within EU competition law Member States of the European Union have the right to freely organize property ownership within their own countries. Granting of exclusive and special rights is one of the main instruments of market organization of member states. With granting of these rights, the legislator intervenes in the invisible hand of the market and puts certain undertakings in a privileged position towards other competitors. The rules on granting of special and exclusive rights are regulated in article 106 of Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. Granting of exclusive and special rights is not limited to private undertakings, these rights can be granted to public undertakings as well. In both cases, rules on competition of European Union must be adhered to. These rules can be avoided only if the undertaking is entrusted with the operation of services of general economic interest or if the undertaking has a character of a revenue-producing monopoly and if the application of competition rules does not obstruct the performance, in law or in fact, of the particular tasks assigned to them. In this case, it is necessary that the development of trade must not be affected to such an extent as would be contrary to the interests of the Union. Conflicts from granting of special and exclusive rights may arise from defining these granting of special and exclusive rights as granting of economic advantages, in the sense of State aid rules and if a certain measure can be qualified as State aid as defined in article 107 of Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. In this master’s thesis I will try to demonstrate and analyse the system of granting of special and exclusive rights to public undertakings. For this purpose, concepts such as public undertakings, public services, exclusive and special rights, services of general economic interests and State aids in connection to granting of exclusive and special rights, are presented. These concepts are supported by jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of The European Union. In addition, the paper sets out the conditions in the Altmark case, which are used to determine whether a case involves State aid. The concluding part of the master's thesis is intended to summarize the topic stated in the title and its effects on the competition law policy of the European Union.

• Keywords: Special and exclusive rights, services of general economic interest, public undertakings, State aid, competition law of the European Union