Obremenitve mišično-skeletnega sistema reševalcev, zaposlenih v nujni medicinski pomoči : diplomsko delo

Istenič, Neja (author), Divjak, Mojca (mentor), Slabe, Damjan (comentor), Kramar, Janez (comentor), Oven, Alenka (reviewer)

Uvod: Mišično-skeletne poškodbe vplivajo na gibanje ali pa na mišično-skeletni sistem, in se kažejo kot bolečina, otekanje, oslabljena mišična moč, atrofija mišic ter rdečica. Primarna naloga reševalca je zagotoviti prehospitalno nujno oskrbo in hkrati varen prevoz pacienta v bolnišnico. Za delo v reševalnem vozilu je značilna tudi neugodna, nefiziološka drža s številnimi telesnimi obremenitvami. Pri delu reševalcev v nujni medicinski pomoči se tveganja za z delom povezane mišično-skeletne poškodbe skuša zmanjšati tako, da pri dvigovanju in prenosu upoštevajo pravilno telesno držo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je izpostaviti problem mišično–skeletnih poškodb zaradi nepravilne telesne drže pri aktivnostih na delovnem mestu med reševalci, zaposlenimi v nujni medicinski pomoči. Cilji so bili pridobiti oceno o znanju reševalcev glede pravilnega dvigovanja bremen, ugotoviti, koliko reševalcev ima mišično-skeletno bolečino, ki je posledica nepravilnega dvigovanja bremen, in ugotoviti, koliko reševalcev je že bilo odsotnih z dela zaradi mišično-skeletnih poškodb, ki so posledica nepravilnega dvigovanja bremen. Metode dela: Izvedli smo kvantitativno raziskavo, kjer smo podatke zbirali z anketnim vprašalnikom. Raziskava je potekala med aprilom in septembrom 2019 na Reševalni postaji Univerzitetnega kliničnega centra Ljubljana. Vzorec je predstavljala skupina 65 reševalcev, ki delajo na terenu. Rezultati: Reševalci menijo, da pri naštetih aktivnostih zavzamejo pravilno telesno držo. Kljub temu, da gre za relativno mlado populacijo s krajšo delovno dobo, ima velik odstotek reševalcev bolečine in poškodbe, ki jih dojemajo kot posledico obremenitev na delovnem mestu. Najpogosteje trpijo za bolečinami, ki so se večkrat pojavile v ledvenem delu hrbtenice. Iz dela pa so odsotni zaradi večkratnih poškodb ledvenega dela hrbtenice. Največ bolečin in poškodb je posledica nepravilnega dvigovanja nosil, premeščanja iz nosil na bolniško posteljo ter transporta pacienta do reševalnega vozila. Razprava in zaključek: Med reševalci je prisoten visok odstotek bolečine in poškodb, ki niso popolnoma pozdravljene ter rehabilitirane. Za poglobljeno analizo obravnavane problematike bi bilo smiselno narediti raziskavo z opazovanjem, saj bi s tem dobili dejanske rezultate glede pravilnosti telesne drže na delovnem mestu. Trenutno stanje bi izboljšati s predavanji ter delavnicami za reševalce o pravilni telesni drži na delovnem mestu ter terapevtskimi vadbami.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, mišično–skeletne poškodbe, poškodbe pri delu, preventiva, ergonomija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [N. Istenič]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 37 str., [8] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-117181
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 21160195
• Publication date in RUL: 01.07.2020

ISTENIČ, Neja, 2020, Obremenitve mišično-skeletnega sistema reševalcev, zaposlenih v nujni medicinski pomoči : diplomsko delo [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana : N. Istenič. [Accessed 31 March 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=117181

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Musculoskeletal loads of the paramedics : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Musculoskeletal Disorders are injuries and disorders that affect the human body's movement or musculoskeletal system. Symptoms of Musculoskletal disorders can include reccutent pain, stiff joints, swelling, dull aches and muscle weakness. The primary task of paramedics is to provide prehospital emergency care while ensuring safe transportation of the patient to a hospital. Paramedic's work often requires work in unhealthy or unphysiologic postures that include various physical tasks. The risk of work-related injuries among paramedics can be lowered by maintaining healthy posture while lifting and transfering patients. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to focus on the problem of work-related musculo-skeletal injuries among the paramedics, working in emergency care due to lifting. The goals of the thesis are to assess paramedic's knowledge of proper lifting technique, the frequency of musculo-skeletal pain due to improper lifting technique among the paramedics, and the frequency of absence from work because of musculo-skeletal injuries due to improper lifting technique among the paramedics. Methods of work: We used descriptive method that included studying the existing literature and a questionnaire. The sample included 65 paramedics of Rescue station of the University Medical Centre Ljubljana, who completed the questionnaires between April and September 2019. Results: The paramedics state that they maintain correct posture during the studied tasks. At the same time, the musculo-skeletal injuries which they believe are a consequence of work-related tasks are frequent, although the participants are relatively young and haven't been doing the job for a long time. Injuries are most fruquenlty located in the lower back region, repetitive lower back injuries are also the most frequent reason of sick leave. They believe the most common reason for the injuries is incorrect lifting technique of stretcher, lateral transfer of a patient from a stretcher to a bed and moving stretcher toward ambulance. Discussion and conclusion: Our study shows that incompletely healed pain and injuries are very frequent among the paramedics. An observational study could help to gain further insight into the field. This was the posture and lifting technique of the paramedics during work-related tasks could be examined more objectively. To reduce the frequency of work-ralted musculo-skeletal injuries among the paramedics we suggest implementing lectures and workshops about correct posture and lifting techniques and corrective training.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, musculoskeletal disorders, work-related injuries, prevention, ergonomics