Stalne besedne zveze s prenesenim pomenom: analiza v slovenskem znakovnem jeziku in slovenščini

Stergar, Staša (author), Vintar, Špela (mentor), Pavlič, Matic (comentor)

V vseh jezikih, tako govornih kot znakovnih, najdemo besede ali stalne besedne zveze, ki lahko dobijo prenesen pomen. Prenesen pomen beseda ali besedna zveza dobi, če jo sporočevalec uporabi namesto neke druge besede ali besedne zveze, in sicer na podlagi očitne podobnosti med njunima nanosnikoma. To pomeni, da znotraj določenega sobesedila ne označuje najbolj očitnega, splošnega, pogostega oziroma običajnega nanosnika, temveč nanosnika, ki je temu nanosniku podoben v eni ali več lastnostih. V tej nalogi bomo obravnavali prenos stalnih besednih zvez, tj. frazemov, iz slovenskega jezika v slovenski znakovni jezik (SZJ). V Sloveniji živi skupnost gluhih, naglušnih in oseb s polževim vsadkom. Naravni jezik sporazumevanja oseb z okvaro sluha je znakovni jezik. V Sloveniji je to slovenski znakovni jezik. Pravico do uporabe tega jezika uporabnikom zagotavlja Zakon o uporabi slovenskega znakovnega jezika iz leta 2002. Ker se slovenščina in slovenski znakovni jezik med seboj razlikujeta tako po strukturi kot tudi po modaliteti, za premoščanje komunikacijskih ovir skrbijo tolmači znakovnega jezika. Običajno v ali iz znakovnega jezika tolmačijo simultano, kar velja za enega najbolj zahtevnih kognitivnih procesov. Pri tolmačenju morajo biti tolmači pozorni na jezikovne posebnosti posameznega jezika, a tudi na kulturne posebnosti posamezne jezikovne skupnosti, ki se lahko odražajo v besedišču njihovega jezika. Jezikovne posebnosti, ki so vezane na jezik in so si medjezikovno gledano le redko podobne, so tudi stalne besedne zveze ali frazemi; kot odraz določene kulturne identitete so posledično težje prenosljivi iz izhodiščnega v ciljni jezik. Tolmači imajo na voljo nekaj strategij, s katerimi si lahko pomagajo pri tolmačenju frazemov, v marsikaterem primeru pa se preneseni pomen izgubi v prevodu. Opravljena raziskava prenosa frazemov iz slovenščine v SZJ bo pripomogla k večjemu zavedanju problematike med splošnimi uporabniki SZJ in med tolmači za SZJ. Hkrati bo slednjim ponudila tudi določen vpogled v strategije tolmačenja frazemov iz slovenščine v SZJ.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: frazem, slovenski znakovni jezik, tolmačenje, strategije tolmačenja
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-117006
• Publication date in RUL: 19.06.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Idioms: Analysis in Slovene Sign Language and in Slovene Language

Abstract

In spoken languages just as in sign languages one can find words or phrases with metaphorical meaning. A word or a phrase can get metaphorical meaning if a speaker uses it instead of some other word or phrase based on the similarity of their referents. Within a given context, words or phrases do not refer to the most obvious, general or common referent, but to a referent which is similar to that referent in one or more properties. In our thesis we will focus on the transfer of idioms from Slovene language to the Slovene sign language. In Slovenia, there is a community of deaf people, hard of hearing people and people with cochlear implant. Their natural language of communication is a sign language. In Slovenia it is called the Slovene sign language. The right to use sign language is guaranteed by the Act Regulating the Use of Slovene Sign Language from 2002. Since Slovene language and Slovene sign languages differ in structure and modality, the interpreters of sign language take care to overcome communication barriers. Interpreters usually interpret to or from sign language simultaneously, which is considered to be one of the most challenging cognitive processes. When interpreting, interpreters must pay attention to the linguistic specifics of each language, as well as to the cultural specifics of each linguistic community, which may be reflected in the vocabulary of their language. Language-specific linguistic features which are rarely inter-linguistically similar are also idioms. Idioms are, as a reflection of a particular cultural identity, more difficult to transfer from the source language to the target language. Interpreters can use several strategies that can help them interpret the idioms. Nevertheless, in many cases the metaphorical meaning is lost in translation. This research of the transfer of idioms from Slovene language into the Slovene sign language will contribute to raising awareness of the issue among general users of the Slovene sign language and among interpreters of Slovene sign language. At the same time, it will also provide some insight into strategies for interpreting Slovene language phrases in to the Slovene sign language.

• Keywords: idiom, Slovene sign language, interpreting strategies