Zagotavljanje dobrega počutja pri kritično bolnih v enoti intenzivnega zdravljenja : diplomsko delo

Gazibarić, Maja (author), Djekić, Bernarda (mentor), Gogova, Tina (comentor), Thaler, Darja (reviewer)

Uvod: Enote intenzivnega zdravljenja so posebej organizirani oddelki, kjer se zdravijo kritično bolni, pri katerih se zdravstveno stanje neprestano spreminja, zaradi česar so njihove potrebe iz dneva v dan različne. Zaradi slabega zdravstvenega stanja pogosto niso zmožni komunikacije ter izražanja potreb in želja. V teh okoliščinah ima zagotavljanje njihovega dobrega počutja velik pomen. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti dejavnike, ki vplivajo na zagotavljanje dobrega počutja kritično bolnih v enotah intenzivnega zdravljenja s poudarkom na pomenu ustrezne komunikacije, vključevanju družine in drugih pomembnih oseb v proces zdravstvene obravnave in poslušanju glasbe. Metode dela: Za izdelavo diplomskega dela je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom znanstvene in strokovne slovenske ter tuje literature. Članke smo iskali s pomočjo ključnih besed v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku preko spletnega portala digitalne knjižnice Univerze v Ljubljani v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL in PubMed, s pomočjo Google učenjaka in preko COBIB.SI. Za vsebinsko analizo odgovorov na raziskovalna vprašanja je uporabljenih 16 enot literature. Rezultati: Spremenjena komunikacija in odsotnost kontaktov z njim dragimi osebami kritično bolnim predstavlja nelagodje, katerega je vsaj delno možno omiliti s prilagojeno komunikacijo in z načrtnim vključevanjem družinskih članov. Raziskave so pokazale, da poslušanje glasbe kritično bolne pomirja, hkrati pa vpliva tudi na boljše spanje, ki je pomemben dejavnik zagotavljanja dobrega počutja. Razprava in sklep: Razumevanje pomena zagotavljanja dobrega počutja je eden od osnovnih elementov kakovostne zdravstvene nege kritično bolnih v enotah intenzivnega zdravljenja. Zaradi pomanjkanja raziskav na tem področju so primeri dobre prakse še toliko bolj pomembni. Medicinske sestre in drugi zdravstveni delavci morajo za celostno obravnavo kritično bolnih biti primerno izobraženi, hkrati pa morajo imeti tudi visoko raven empatije do kritično bolnih in njihovih družinskih članov. Smiselno bi bilo razmisliti o vključevanju ocene dobrega počutja pri kritično bolnih in načrtovanja preventivnih in podpornih intervencij v protokole zdravstvene nege.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, izražanje potreb, glasbena terapija, vključevanje družinskih članov, komunikacija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Gazibarić]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 24 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-116975
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 38046211
• Publication date in RUL: 18.06.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Ensuring well-being in the critically ill patients in the intensive care unit : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Intensive care units are specially organized wards where critically ill patients are treated, whose medical condition is constantly changing, which makes their needs different from day to day. Due to poor health, they are often unable to communicate and express their needs and desires. In these circumstances, ensuring the well-being of the critically ill is of great importance. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to present some factors that affect the well-being of critically ill patients in intensive care units with emphasis on the importance of proper communication, involvement of family and other important people in the health care process and listening to music. Methods of work: A descriptive method of work with a review of scientific and professional Slovenian and foreign literature was used for the preparation of the diploma work. We searched for articles with the help of keywords in Slovene and English language through the web portal of the digital library of the University of Ljubljana in the CINAHL and PubMed databases, with the help of Google scholar and through COBIB.SI. 16 units of literature were used for the content analysis to answer the research questions. Results: Altered communication and the absence of contact with loved ones of critically ill, represent discomfort, which can be alleviated at least in part through adapted communication and the planned involvement of family members. Research has shown that listening to music soothes the critically ill, while also improves sleep, which is an important factor in ensuring well-being. Discussion and conclusion: Understanding the importance of ensuring well-being is one of the basic elements of quality nursing care for critically ill patients in intensive care units. Due to the lack of research in this area, some examples of good practice are even more important. Nurses and other health professionals need to be properly educated to treat critically ill patients holistically, while also having a high level of empathy for critically ill and their family members. It would make sense to consider including well-being assessment in critically ill patients and planning preventive and supportive interventions in nursing protocols.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, expression of needs, music therapy, involvement of family members, communication