Beg pred Turki. Ekspresionistična risba Frana Tratnika

Naveršnik, Andreja (author), Kemperl, Metoda (mentor)

Fran Tratnik je brez dvoma veljal za izvrstnega risarja in slikarja ter predhodnika ekspresionizma. Bil pa je tudi prvi med slovenskimi umetniki, ki je risbo dojemal kot samostojni izraz in ne le kot spremljavo slikarstvu ali študijski tehnični pripomoček. V diplomski nalogi sem analizirala njegovo risbo, ki je nastala leta 1936 in nosi naslov Beg pred Turki. Umetniško delo je narejeno v tehniki oglje na lepenko, v velikosti 163 x 54 cm, trenutno pa se nahaja na Pedagoški fakulteti v Ljubljani. Glavni namen diplomske naloge je bila podrobna analiza risbe, saj ta še ni bila v celoti realizirana, to pa je bil tudi razlog, zakaj sem se odločila za raziskovanje prav tega Tratnikovega dela. Analizo umetnine sem začela z osnovnimi podatki, ki sem jih pridobila ob natančnejšem pregledu risbe, ti pa so mi nato pomagali pri nadaljnjem raziskovanju. Po osnovnih podatkih sem se osredotočila na predikonografski opis risbe s formalno analizo, kjer sem opredelila oblikovanje telesnosti in prostora ter linije v risbi. Preučila sem tudi svetlobne kontraste in različne kompozicije. V nadaljevanju sem nato s pomočjo ikonografske analize razbrala pomen različnih elementov v risbi, ki sem jih poskušala povezati v celoto. Na koncu je sledila še kontekstualna analiza, v kateri sem raziskovala celotno kulturno ozadje risbe Beg pred Turki in njenega avtorja. Analizirala sem dejavnike nastanka tega umetniškega dela, predstavila sem umetnikovo življenje, obdobje in okolje, v katerem je ustvarjal, vplive različnih umetnikov na Tratnikovo ustvarjanje, njegovo osamosvojitev risbe, osredotočila pa sem se tudi na širše kulturnozgodovinske okoliščine, kot je čas prve svetovne vojne in begunstva.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Fran Tratnik
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-116175
• COBISS.SI-ID: 16018435
• Publication date in RUL: 25.05.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Escape from the Turks. Fran Tratnik's expressionist drawing

Abstract

Fran Tratnik was undoubtedly known to be an excellent draughtsman and painter, as well as a predecessor of expressionism. He was also one of the first Slovene artists, who understood drawing as an independent form of art and not only as an accompaniment to painting or a technical accessory. In my thesis I analysed his drawing from 1936, titled Escape from the Turks. The artwork is created in charcoal on cardboard technique in the size of 163 x 54 cm. It is currently located at the Faculty of Education in Ljubljana. The main purpose of my thesis was to accomplish a detailed analysis of the drawing, which has never been fully realized. It was also the primary reason why I decided to research this specific drawing in the first place. I began the analysis of the artwork with basic information, which I gained from a detailed overview of the drawing. This helped me with further research. After the basic information I concentrated on pre-iconographic description with formal analysis, where I defined creation of physicality, formation of space and the use of lines in drawing. I also analysed different contrasts of light and shadow and compositions. With the help of iconographic analysis I then discerned the meaning of different elements in drawing, which I tried to interrelate as a whole. In the end followed contextual analysis in which I examined the overall cultural background of the drawing Escape from the Turks and its author. I thoroughly analysed factors of creation for this particular artwork, I presented Tratnik's life, time and place in which he worked, different artistic influences on his work as well as his own emancipation of drawing. I also focused on cultural and historical circumstances such as the time of World War One and refugeeism.

• Keywords: Fran Tratnik