Preventivno delo z družinami in razvoj medosebnih veščin v programu Krepitve družin : magistrsko delo

Župan, Eva (author), Simonič, Barbara (mentor)

V magistrskem delu nas je zanimalo, kakšna je moč preventivnega dela z družinami v sklopu programa Krepitve družin, ki temelji na treningu družinskih medosebnih veščin in je sestavljen iz štirinajstih srečanj, namenjenih družinam. Kot navajata Haine-Schlagel in Escobar Walsh (2015, 133), se moč preventivnih družinskih programov skriva v sistemski obravnavi družine in vključevanju vseh družinskih članov v proces pomoči, učinkovitost vključevanja staršev v tovrstne programe pa se, kot ugotavljajo Huang idr. (2005, 615), konceptualizira kot proces, ki temelji na dokazih. V delu smo pojasnili sistemski pristop v družinski preventivi ter izpostavili moč in načela dobrih preventivnih družinskih programov. Za raziskovalni pristop smo izbrali kvalitativno metodo raziskovanja z raziskovalnim pristopom fokusne skupine. Z vidikov različnih teoretikov smo definirali pojem preventiva in opisali stanje na področju preventivnega dela z družino v Sloveniji. Nadaljevali smo z opisom značilnosti funkcionalnih in disfunkcionalnih družin ter naštevanjem varovalnih dejavnikov in dejavnikov tveganja, ki vplivajo na razvoj čustvenih, vedenjskih in duševnih težav pri otrocih in mladostnikih. Definirali smo tudi čustvene in vedenjske težave otrok, pojasnili vpliv vzgojnih slogov na njihov razvoj ter podali smernice za preventivno delo pri tovrstnih težavah. Talić in Košir (2012, 3) navajata, da družinski preventivni programi, ki vključujejo krepitev veščin pri otrocih ter starših, pozitivno vplivajo na spremembe v samem delovanju družin, ki se kaže v bolj funkcionalnem in podpornem družinskem okolju. Slednje potrjujejo tudi izsledki našega dela. Z metodo fokusnih skupin smo ugotovili, da so starši – udeleženci programa Krepitve družin – prepoznavali spremembe oz. moč preventivnih ukrepov programa in razvijali medosebne veščine, za katere smo predpostavili, da predstavljajo velik potencial za preventivno delo: komunikacija v družini; reševanje konfliktov v družini; pravila in meje v družini; vloge v družini; čustva in čustvena uglašenost v družini; težave v šoli; partnerstvo kot osnova za starševstvo. Udeleženci fokusne skupine so zaznavali pozitivne spremembe na prav vseh omenjenih področjih, na podlagi česar lahko govorimo o preventivni uspešnosti programa Krepitve družin.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: preventiva, preventivno delo z družinami, sistemska obravnava, medosebne veščine, krepitev družin, fokusna skupina
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: TEOF - Theological Faculty
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [E. Župan]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: VI, 74, II str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-115980
• UDC: 159.922.2:316.362.1(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 18557955
• Publication date in RUL: 05.05.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Preventive work with families and development of interpersonal skills in a Strenghtening families program

Abstract

In the master's thesis we were interested in the power of preventing work with families through the Strengthening families program, which was based on training family interpersonal skills and consisted of fourteen meetings aimed at families. As stated by Haine-Schlagel and Escobar Walsh (2015, 133), the power of preventive family programs lies in the systemic treatment and involvement of all family members in the help process. The effectiveness of involving parents in these programs, according to Huang et al. (2005, 615), conceptualizes itself as the process, based on evidences. In the work, we explained the systematic approach in family prevention and highlighted the strength and principles of good prevention programs. For the research approach we chose a qualitative methodological research with focus group. From the perspective of various theorists, we defined the concept of prevention and described the state in the field of preventive work with families in Slovenia. We went on to describe the characteristics of the functional in dysfunctional families and defined protective factors and risk factors that influence the development of emotional, behavioral and mental problems in children and adolescents. We also defined emotional and behavioral problems in children, explained the influence of educational styles on their development, and provided guidelines for preventive work on various problems. Talić and Košir (2012, 3) state that family prevention programs that include strengthening skills of children and parents have a positive effect on changes in family functioning itself, which demonstrates as a more functional in supportive family environment. The latter is also confirmed by the findings of our work. Using a method of a focus group we found out that the parents – participants in the Strengthening families program – were recognizing changes and the strength of prevention measures. They have developed interpersonal skills, for which we have assumed that they represent a great potential for preventive work: communication in the family; resolving family conflicts; rules and borders within the family; family roles; emotions and emotional tuning in the family; problems at school; partnership as a basis for parenting. The participants of the focus group were seeing positive changes in all of these areas, which can be used to speak of the preventive success of the program.

• Keywords: prevention, preventive work with families, systemic treatment, interpersonal skills, family empowerment, Strengthening family program, focus group