Obremenitev strojnika zgibnega polprikoličarja z ropotom in tresenjem v razmerah visokega krasa : magistrsko delo - (magistrski študij - 2. stopnja)

Šenica, Rok (author), Potočnik, Igor (mentor), Poje, Anton (co-mentor)

Obremenitve strojnikov gozdarskih strojev so pogojene z vrsto stroja, načinom uporabe in delovnimi razmerami. Z namenom ugotavljanja obremenitev strojnikov zgibnih polprikoličarjev s tresenjem celega telesa in ropotom je bila na območju visokega dinarskega krasa izvedena petdnevna raziskava. Meritve so bile opravljene na petih različnih zgibnih polprikoličarjih (John Deere 1410D, John Deere 1210E, Timberjack 810B, EcoLog 564B ter Valmet 840.3.), lokacijah in strojnikih. Obremenitev strojnikov v delovnem času je bila glede na ekvivalentno jakost ropota med 65,8 dB(A) in 73,6 dB(A), konična jakost ropota pa med 101,3 dB(C) in 130,2 dB(C). Najnižje obremenitve so bile v produktivnem času izmerjene na deloviščih, kjer je delo potekalo s strojem John Deere 1410D, najvišje pa na delovišču s strojem Timberjack 810B. Obremenitve s tresenjem celega telesa so bile med 0,60 m/s2 in 1,17 m/s2 (vrednosti RMS VTV) in med 16,78 m/s1,75 in 25,80 m/s1,75 (vrednosti VDV VTV). Najnižje obremenitve s tresenjem so bile v produktivnem času izmerjene na deloviščih, kjer je delo potekalo s strojem John Deere 1410D (0,60 m/s2 oz. 17,60 m/s1,75), najvišje pa na delovišču s strojem Valmet 840.3 (1,17 m/s2 oz. 25,80 m/s1,75). Glede na slovensko in evropsko zakonodajo v času meritev obremenitve z ropotom niso presegle spodnje opozorilne vrednosti, medtem ko so obremenitve s tresenjem celega telesa na vseh deloviščih presegale opozorilno vrednost, na delovišču s strojem Valmet 840.3 pa tudi mejno vrednost dnevne izpostavljenosti. Za strojnika zgibnega polprikoličarja je glede na obremenitve s tresenjem in ropotom najbolj obremenjujoča delovna operacija prazna vožnja, sledijo polna vožnja in premik ter nakladanje oz. razkladanje. Obremenitve z ropotom pri spravilu lesa z zgibnimi polprikoličarji so v primerjavi s spravilom lesa s prilagojenimi kmetijskimi traktorji in zgibniki nižje, obremenitve s tresenjem pa na primerljivem nivoju. Glede na rezultate se kot ukrep za zmanjšanje obremenitev predlaga rotacija delavcev na delovnih mestih, način dela, prilagojen delovnim razmeram, izobraževanje delavcev ter tehnične izboljšave vozila.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: spravilo lesa, strojna sečnja, sanacijske in sanitarne sečnje, visoki dinarski kras, obremenitve, tresenje, ropot
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [R. Šenica]
• Year: 2015
• Number of pages: VIII f., 85 f.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-115267
• UDC: 630*31:630*37:630*96(043.2)=163.6
• COBISS.SI-ID: 4111014
• Publication date in RUL: 21.04.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Exposure of forwader operator to whole-body vibration and noise [in circumstances of high karst]

Abstract

Exposure to whole-body vibration (WBV) and noise varies due to vehicle type, the way it is used and working conditions. The objective of this study was to measure and evaluate WBV and noise loads on the area of Slovenian high carst during five - day research. Measurements were made for five different locations, operators and forwarders (John Deere 1410D, John Deere 1210E, Timberjack 810B, Ecolog 564B and Valmet 840.3). Exposures for working time were between 65,8 dB(A) and 73,6 dB(A) for equivalent noise level, and between 101,3 dB (C) and 130,2 dB(C) for peak sound pressure. The lowest noise loads in productive time were measured by John Deere 1410D and the higest by Timberjack 810B. The exposure to the whole-body vibration varried from 0,60 m/ s2 to 1,17 m/ s2 (calculated as the RMS values), and from 16,78 m/ s1,75 to 25,80 m/ s1,75 (calculated as total vibration dose value %VDV). The lowest whole-body vibrations in productive time were measured on working site EcoLog 564B and the higest on working site Valmet 840.3. According to Slovenian national and European legislation noise loads did not exceed lower action value, while whole-body vibration exceeded action value, as well as the permissible value (Valmet 840.3) of daily exposure. The highest exposures to noise and whole-body vibration were achieved during travelling activities, especially during travel empty followed by travel loaded and machine move. The lowest exposures to noise and whole-body vibration occoured at loading and unloading cargo. Noise loads of forwarders at closed cabin compared to the tractors and skidders were lower. Operators were over loaded by whole-body vibrations, which was comparable to the tractors and skidders. According to the results exposure to noise and whole-body vibration could be reduced by job rotation, working method adapted to working conditions (the way the vehichle is driven) and technical improvements of the vehichle.

• Keywords: skidding, mechanized logging, sanitary felling, high karst, pressures, vibration, rumble