Vpliv zaraščanja na konflikte med človekom in medvedom v Sloveniji : magistrsko delo - 2. stopnja

Bončina, Živa (author), Jerina, Klemen (mentor), Hladnik, David (comentor)

Za ohranitev medveda je treba zagotoviti sobivanje z njim in reševati konflikte med medvedom in človekom. Proţilcev konfliktov je več, še precej neraziskan je vpliv krajinske zgradbe. Z raziskavo smo poskušali ugotoviti, ali oddaljenost od gozda vpliva na pojav konfliktov v naseljih. Konflikte smo definirali z izredno odločbo za odstrel medveda zaradi obiskovanja naselja ali ponavljajočih se škod. Na podlagi telemetrijskih lokacij medvedov smo predhodno generalizirali gozdni rob, da je bolje opisoval njihovo rabo prostora. Za osrednje območje medveda v Sloveniji smo preučevali pojav konfliktov v naseljih glede na spremenljivke: gostote medvedov, oddaljenosti naselja do gozdnega roba, značilnosti naselja in pripadnost lovskoupravljavskemu območju (LOU). S posplošenim linearnim modelom (GLM) smo ugotovili, da je konflikt verjetnejši v naseljih z daljšim robom in manjšo oddaljenostjo roba naselja od gozda ter na območjih z večjimi gostotami medvedov. Verjetnost za konflikt med LOU je različna, kar lahko nakazuje na kulturno pogojene razlike v stopnji tolerance ljudi do medveda. Zaradi zaraščanja je gozd vse bliţje naseljem, s tem pa tudi medvedi, ki se zaradi kritja lahko zadrţujejo v bliţini hiš, zaznavajo hrano in pogosteje obiskujejo naselja. Spreminjanje krajinske zgradbe vpliva na pojav konfliktov, zato jo je treba pri upravljanju z medvedom upoštevati.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: konflikti, rjavi medvedi, ljudje, zaraščanje, gozdni rob, Slovenija
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [Ž. Bončina]
• Year: 2016
• Number of pages: IX, 50 f., [4] f. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-115254
• UDC: (043.2)=163.6
• COBISS.SI-ID: 4367270
• Publication date in RUL: 21.04.2020

BONČINA, Živa, 2016, Vpliv zaraščanja na konflikte med človekom in medvedom v Sloveniji : magistrsko delo - 2. stopnja [online]. Master’s thesis. Ljubljana : Ž. Bončina. [Accessed 26 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=115254

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of aforestation on human - bear conflicts in Slovenia

Abstract

If populations of brown bear are to be maintained, coexistence between man and brown bear needs to be secured, and bear-man conflicts resolved. Several factors affect the probability of conflicts. Among them, landscape structure has not yet been a subject of a thorough research. In our study, we tried to establish whether or not forest closeness affects the occurrence of conflicts in settlements in the central bear area in Slovenia. Conflicts were defined by means of issued decrees for management removals, issued due to recurrent damages or bear occurrence near, or in, settlements. Beforehand, forest edge was modified by bear telemetry locations so as to better reflect the use of habitat by bears. The following independent variables were studies for the central bear area: bear densities, forest closeness, settlement characteristics and hunting administration region. Conflicts are more likely to occur in settlements that have longer boundaries and lie closer to the forest edge and in areas with a higher bear density. Conflict probability varies from one hunting administration region to another, which may be indicative of a human factor. Due to forest regrowth, forest is getting closer to settlements, causing bears to move closer as their shelter nears the houses: they smell food and appear in settlements more frequently. Landscape changes are an important factor influencing conflict occurrence and should be taken into account in bear management.