Vpliv digestata iz bioplinske naprave za predelavo ostankov hrane na kalivost in rast izbranih testnih rastlin : diplomsko delo - visokošolski strokovni študij

Redenšek, Franja (author), Turk, Boris (mentor), Zupan, Marko (co-mentor)

Vsakodnevno se srečujemo z odpadki, katere lahko s procesom recikliranja in predelave ponovno uporabimo. Eden izmed takih načinov je predelava biološko razgradljivih odpadkov, ki lahko poteka v bioplinarnah. Končni proizvod predelave sta bioplin, ki se lahko uporablja za ogrevanje ter digestat, ki je uporaben kot gnojilo. V našem poskusu so bili uporabljeni vzorci digestata iz podjetja KOTO, ki so bili pridelani iz ostankov hrane. Pri raziskavi so nas zanimali vpliv digestata na kalitev semen in rast rastlin ter vsebnost makro in mikro elementov v rastlinah. Opazovali smo odstotek kalitve semen štirih vrst rastlin trpeţne ljuljke (Lolium prenne L. 'CALIBRA'), ječmena (Hordeum vulgare L.), vrtne kreše (Lepidium sativum L. 'Cressida') in gorčice (Sinapis alba L.), ki so kalile v petrijevkah na papirju prepojenim s 100%, 50%, 25%, 12,5% in 0% izvlečkom digestata. Spremljali smo tudi hitrost rasti korenin kalic in poganjkov. Pri kalitvenem testu smo potrdili vpliv različnih koncentracij izvlečka digestata na kalitev semen. Pri največji koncentraciji je bil opaţen negativen vpliv na kalivost in na rast korenin. Za spremljanje dinamike rasti in intenzivnosti obarvanosti s klorofilom pri različnih deleţih digestata v osnovnem rastnem substratu (30% in 15% dodatek digestata ter kontrola) smo uporabili lončni poskus s koruzo (Zea mays), v trajanju petih tednov. Ob koncu poskusa smo analizirali vsebnost mikro in makro elementov v podzemnih in nadzemnih delih koruze ter v substratih, v katerih je koruza rasla. Ugotovljena je bila slabša rast pri največjem deleţu digestata v substratu, kar pripisujemo najmanjšim koncentracijam nitratov v tem substratu. Vsebnost makro in mikro elementov v nadzemnih in podzmenih delih koruze je pokazala močno korelacijo z deleţem dodanega digestata.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: bioplinarna, tla, kemijska analiza
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [F. Redenšek]
• Year: 2016
• Number of pages: IX, 38 f., [15] f. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-114921
• UDC: 630*2(043.2)=163.6
• COBISS.SI-ID: 4546470
• Publication date in RUL: 30.03.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The influence of the digestate from a food composting biogas plant on the germination and growth of selected test plants

Abstract

On everyday basis we are faced with different types of waste, which can be reused by recycling and processing. One of such methods is the processing of biodegradable waste in biogas plants. The final products of this process are biogas which can be used for heating and digestate, which is useful as a fertilizer. In our experiment, samples of digestate produced from food waste, provided by the Company KOTO, were used. We were interested in the effect of the digestate on seed germination, plant growth, and the content of macro and micro elements in the plants. We measured the percentage of germination in seeds of four different plant species (perennial rye-grass (Lolium prenne L. 'CALIBRA'), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), garden cress (Lepidium sativum L. 'Cressida') and white mustard (Sinapis alba L.)), germinating in Petri dishes on paper soaked in 100%, 50%, 25%, 12,5% and 0% digestate extract. We also monitored the growth speed of sprout roots and shoots. The germination test confirmed the influence of different digestate extract concentration on seed germination. The highest extract concentration showed a negative effect on germination and root growth. To monitor the growth dynamics and the intensity of the leaf chlorophyll coloration intensity at different amounts of added digestate (30% and 15% of added digestate to base substrate and a control), we performed a five week pot experiment with maze (Zea mays). At the end of the experiment we analyzed the content of macro an micro elements in underground and over ground parts of maze plants and the substrates in which they grew. Poorer plant growth was observed in the substrate with the highest amount of added digestate, which we attribute to the lowest concentration of nitrates in these substrates. The content of macro and micro elements in the underground and over ground parts of maze showed strong correlation with the amount of added digestate.