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Propulsion effects after laser ablation in water, confined by different geometries
ID Senegačnik, Matej (Author), ID Jezeršek, Matija (Author), ID Gregorčič, Peter (Author)

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Abstract
A Nd:YAG laser with 7-ns pulses and pulse energies up to 10 mJ is used to induce an optical breakdown in the front surface of an aluminum rod, covered by a water layer. The rod is part of a ballistic pendulum. In this way, we study the propulsion effects by means of coupling coefficient and energy-conversion efficiency with respect to different confining geometries, volumes of water applied to the front surface of the rod, and the distance of this surface from the laser-beam focus. Holes with different dimensions are drilled on the target surface and filled with different volumes of water to examine the influence of the confinement by the liquid (a free boundary) and a solid-surface geometry on laser ablation effects. The rod movement and the water ejection after laser ablation are acquired by a high-speed camera with 10k frames per second. The results show that the confinement by cavity substantially increases the propulsion effects by shaping the ejected flow of the liquid; while the cavitation bubble, induced inside the water layer, plays a significant role in propulsion efficiency. From the presented results, it follows that the laser-propelled rod carries below 0.5% of the total mechanical energy after propulsion, while the rest of this energy represents the kinetic energy of the ablated water. As expected, moving the target surface away from the focal position decreases the ablative-propulsion efficiency. When the focus is moved inside the solid target, the decrease occurs due to lower conversion of the pulse energy into the energy of the cavitation bubble. If the focus is moved from the surface outward, the bubble moves towards the liquid-gas interface and it is not able to efficiently eject all the liquid from the target.

Language:English
Keywords:laser ablation, laser propulsion, cavitation bubbles, nanosecond lasers, coupling coefficient, energyconversion efficiency
Work type:Article
Typology:1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Author Accepted Manuscript
Year:2020
Number of pages:Str. 1-12
Numbering:Vol. 126, iss. 2
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-114833 This link opens in a new window
UDC:544.53:532.528(045)
ISSN on article:0947-8396
DOI:10.1007/s00339-020-3309-y This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:17026587 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:17.03.2020
Views:1298
Downloads:478
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Applied physics
Shortened title:Appl. phys., A, Mater. sci. process.
Publisher:Springer
ISSN:0947-8396
COBISS.SI-ID:14196007 This link opens in a new window

Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:laserska propulzija, laserska ablacija, kavitacijski mehurčki

Projects

Funder:ARRS - Agencija za raziskovalno dejavnost Republike Slovenije
Project number:P2-0392
Name:Optodinamika

Funder:ARRS - Agencija za raziskovalno dejavnost Republike Slovenije
Project number:J2-1741
Name:Lasersko mikro in nanostrukturiranje za razvoj biomimetičnih kovinskih površin z edinstvenimi lastnostmi (LaMiNaS)

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